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KROK (Medicine) questions: Biological Chemistry — page 5

464 questions in Biological Chemistry. Open a question to see the answer options and a hint.

  1. To an emergency ward a 7-year-old child was delivered in the condition of allergic shock caused by a bee sting. High concentration of histamine is observed in blood… KROK 1 2015 – Question 24
  2. A 65-year-old man suffering from gout complains of pain in his kidneys. Ultrasonic examination revealed kidney stones. A certain substance in increased concentration… KROK 1 2015 – Question 25
  3. Along with normal hemoglobin types there can be pathological ones in the organism of an adult. Name one of them: KROK 1 2015 – Question 53
  4. Emotional stress causes activation of hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase in the adipocytes. What secondary mediator takes part in this process? KROK 1 2015 – Question 54
  5. A patient has been diagnosed with alkaptonuria. Choose an enzyme that can cause this pathology when deficient: KROK 1 2015 – Question 55
  6. During regular check-up a child is detected with interrupted mineralization of the bones. What vitamin deficiency can be the cause? KROK 1 2015 – Question 63
  7. An unconscious patient was delivered by ambulance to the hospital. On objective examination the patient was found to present no reflexes, periodical convulsions… KROK 1 2015 – Question 76
  8. In case of alkaptonuria, homogentisic acid is excreted in urine in large amounts. The development of this disease is associated with metabolic disorder of the following… KROK 1 2015 – Question 88
  9. When blood circulation in the damaged tissue is restored, lactate accumulation stops and glucose consumption decelerates. These metabolic changes are caused by… KROK 1 2015 – Question 89
  10. A 4 year old child with hereditary renal lesion has signs of rickets, vitamin D concentration in blood is normal. What is the most probable cause of rickets development? KROK 1 2015 – Question 92
  11. Diseases of respiratory system and circulatory disorders impair the transport of oxygen, thus causing hypoxia. Under these conditions the energy metabolism is carried… KROK 1 2015 – Question 101
  12. A doctor was addressed by a 30-yearold man. There is a probability of the patient being HIV-positive. To clarify the diagnosis the doctor proposed to perform polymerase… KROK 1 2015 – Question 112
  13. One of the factors that cause obesity is inhibition of fatty acids oxidation due to: KROK 1 2015 – Question 117
  14. During cell division DNA replication occurs after a signal is received from the cytoplasm, then a certain portion of the DNA helix unwinds and splits into two… KROK 1 2015 – Question 120
  15. A therapeutist has an appointment with a 40-year-old patient complaining of recurrent pain attacks in his hallux joints and their swelling. Urine analysis revealed its… KROK 1 2015 – Question 132
  16. A 28-year-old patient undergoing treatment in a pulmonological department has been diagnosed with pulmonary emphysema caused by splitting of alveolar septum by tissular… KROK 1 2015 – Question 138
  17. A patient, who has been suffering for a long time from intestine disbacteriosis, has increased hemorrhaging caused by disruption of posttranslational modification of… KROK 1 2015 – Question 139
  18. A 6-year-old child suffers from delayed growth, disrupted ossification processes, decalcification of the teeth. What can be the cause? KROK 1 2015 – Question 152
  19. Cholesterol content in blood serum of a 12-year-old boy is 25 mmol/l. Anamnesis states hereditary familial hypercholesterolemia caused by synthesis disruption of… KROK 1 2015 – Question 160
  20. Obesity is a common disease. The aim of its treatment is to lower content of neutral fats in the body. What hormone-sensitive enzyme is the most important for… KROK 1 2015 – Question 161
  21. A patient is diagnosed with cardiac infarction. Blood test for cardiospecific enzymes activity was performed. Which of the enzymes has three isoforms? KROK 1 2015 – Question 166
  22. Biochemical analysis of an infant’s erythrocytes revealed evident glutathione peroxidase deficiency and low concentration of reduced glutathione. What pathological… KROK 1 2015 – Question 170
  23. Characteristic sign of glycogenosis is muscle pain during physical work. Blood examination usually reveals hypoglycemia. This pathology is caused by congenital… KROK 1 2016 – Question 2
  24. The process of metabolism in the human body produces active forms of oxygen, including superoxide anion radical O₂•⁻. This anion is inactivated by the following enzyme: KROK 1 2016 – Question 5
  25. A 15-year-old boy has been diagnosed with acute viral hepatitis. What blood value should be determined to confirm acute affection of hepatic cells? KROK 1 2016 – Question 11
  26. A 53-year-old man is diagnosed with Paget’s disease. Concentration of oxyproline in daily urine is sharply increased, which primarily means intensified disintegration of: KROK 1 2016 – Question 12
  27. An infant born prematurely 2 days ago presents with yellow coloring of skin and mucosa. Such a condition in the infant is caused by temporary deficiency of the… KROK 1 2016 – Question 22
  28. It has been determined that one of a pesticide components is sodium arsenate that blocks lipoic acid. Enzyme activity can be impaired by this pesticide. Name this enzyme: KROK 1 2016 – Question 23
  29. A 50-year-old woman diagnosed with cardiac infarction has been delivered into an intensive care ward. What enzyme will be the most active during the first two days? KROK 1 2016 – Question 24
  30. A patient consulted a doctor with complaints of dyspnea occurring after physical exertion. Physical examination revealed anemia, paraprotein was detected among gamma… KROK 1 2016 – Question 27
  31. A dry-cleaner’s worker has been found to have hepatic steatosis. This pathology can be caused by disruption of synthesis of the following substance: KROK 1 2016 – Question 29
  32. A 16-year-old adolescent is diagnosed with hereditary UDP (uridine diphosphate) glucuronyltransferase deficiency. Laboratory tests revealed hyperbilirubinemia caused… KROK 1 2016 – Question 31
  33. A 7-year-old child in the state of allergic shock caused by a bee sting has been delivered into an emergency ward. High concentration of histamine was observed in… KROK 1 2016 – Question 34
  34. Human red blood cells contain no mitochondria. What is the main pathway for ATP production in these cells? KROK 1 2016 – Question 57
  35. Along with normal hemoglobin types there can be pathological ones in the organism of an adult. Name one of them: KROK 1 2016 – Question 69
  36. The key reaction of fatty acid synthesis is production of malonyl-CoA. What metabolite is the source of malonyl-CoA synthesis? KROK 1 2016 – Question 92
  37. It is known that in catecholamine metabolism a special role belongs to monoamine oxidase (MAO). This enzyme inactivates mediators (noradrenalin, adrenalin, dopamine) by: KROK 1 2016 – Question 100
  38. A patient, who has been subsisting exclusively on polished rice, has developed polyneuritis due to thiamine deficiency. What substance is an indicator of such… KROK 1 2016 – Question 112
  39. When blood circulation in the damaged tissue is restored, lactate accumulation stops and glucose consumption decelerates. These metabolic changes are caused by… KROK 1 2016 – Question 113
  40. In investigation of serum proteins various physical and physicochemical methods can be used. In particular, serum albumins and globulins can be separated by the method… KROK 1 2016 – Question 115
  41. After an extended treatment with sulfonamides a patient has developed macrocytic anemia. Production of active forms of the following vitamin is disrupted in such a… KROK 1 2016 – Question 137
  42. A 3-year-old girl with mental retardation has been diagnosed with sphingomyelin lipidosis (Niemann-Pick disease). In this condition synthesis of the following substance… KROK 1 2016 – Question 143
  43. A therapeutist has an appointment with a 40-year-old patient complaining of recurrent pain attacks in his hallux joints and their swelling. Urine analysis revealed its… KROK 1 2016 – Question 150
  44. Exophthalmus observed during thyrotoxicosis is caused by accumulation of highly water-binding substances within the retrobulbar tissues. Name these substances: KROK 1 2016 – Question 151
  45. Activation of a number of hemostatic factors occurs through their joining with calcium ions. What structural component allows for adjoining of calcium ions? KROK 1 2016 – Question 160
  46. A 6-year-old child suffers from delayed growth, disrupted ossification processes, decalcification of the teeth. What can be the cause? KROK 1 2016 – Question 168
  47. Pancreas is known as a mixed gland. Endocrine functions include production of insulin by beta cells. This hormone affects metabolism of carbohydrates. What is its… KROK 1 2016 – Question 171
  48. Fructosuria is known to be connected with inherited deficiency of fructose 1-phosphate aldolase. What product of fructose metabolism will accumulate in the organism… KROK 1 2016 – Question 173
  49. Cholesterol content in blood serum of a 12-year-old boy is 25 mmol/l. Anamnesis states hereditary familial hypercholesterolemia caused by synthesis disruption of… KROK 1 2016 – Question 176
  50. Coenzyme A participates in numerous important metabolic reactions. It is a derivative of the following vitamin: KROK 1 2016 – Question 186

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