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KROK (Medicine) questions: Biological Chemistry — page 6

464 questions in Biological Chemistry. Open a question to see the answer options and a hint.

  1. When investigating human saliva it is necessary to assess its hydrolytic properties. What substance should be used as a substrate in the process? KROK 1 2016 – Question 200
  2. Protective function of saliva is based on several mechanisms, including the presence of enzyme that has bactericidal action and causes lysis of complex capsular… KROK 1 2017 – Question 5
  3. A pregnant woman with several miscarriages in anamnesis is prescribed a therapy that includes vitamin preparations. What vitamin facilitates carrying of a pregnancy? KROK 1 2017 – Question 11
  4. A patient has decreased concentration of magnesium ions that are required for ribosomes connection to granular endoplasmic reticulum. This condition is known to disturb… KROK 1 2017 – Question 12
  5. A child with point mutation presents with absence of glucose 6-phosphatase, hypoglycemia, and hepatomegaly. What pathology are these signs characteristic of? KROK 1 2017 – Question 24
  6. Blood test of the patient revealed albumine content of 20 g/l and increased activity of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 5 (LDH5). These results indicate disorder of the… KROK 1 2017 – Question 27
  7. A 46-year-old woman suffering from cholelithiasis developed jaundice. Her urine became dark yellow, while feces are light-colored. What substance will be the most… KROK 1 2017 – Question 35
  8. A traumatology unit received a patient with crushed muscular tissue. What biochemical indicator of urine will be raised in this case? KROK 1 2017 – Question 36
  9. A 30-year-old woman first developed pain, swelling, and skin redness in the area of joints about a year ago. Provisional diagnosis is rheumatoid arthritis. One of the… KROK 1 2017 – Question 37
  10. Nitrogen is being excreted from the body mainly as urea. When activity of a certain enzyme in the liver is low, it results in inhibition of urea synthesis and nitrogen… KROK 1 2017 – Question 51
  11. A patient with jaundice has high total bilirubin that is mainly indirect (unconjugated), high concentration of stercobilin in the feces and urine. The level of direct… KROK 1 2017 – Question 53
  12. Blood of the patients with diabetes mellitus shows increased content of free fatty acids. Name the most likely cause of this: KROK 1 2017 – Question 59
  13. T-lymphocytes are determined to be affected with HIV. In this case viral enzyme reverse transcriptase (RNA-dependent DNA-polymerase) catalyzes the synthesis of: KROK 1 2017 – Question 62
  14. A 40-year-old woman with Cushing’s disease presents with steroid diabetes. On biochemical examination she has hyperglycemia and hypochloremia. What process activates in… KROK 1 2017 – Question 86
  15. During regular check-up a child is determined to have interrupted mineralization of the bones. What vitamin deficiency can be the cause? KROK 1 2017 – Question 93
  16. Depression and emotional disturbances result from the lack of noradrenaline, serotonin, and other biogenic amines in the brain. Their content in the synapses can be… KROK 1 2017 – Question 111
  17. A 2-year-old child presents with acute psychomotor retardation, vision and hearing impairment, sharp enlargement of the liver and spleen. The child is diagnosed with… KROK 1 2017 – Question 112
  18. Cytochrome oxidase is a hemeprotein that is an end component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. What reaction is catalyzed with this enzyme? KROK 1 2017 – Question 116
  19. An unconscious patient was delivered by ambulance to the hospital. On objective examination the patient was found to have no reflexes, periodical convulsions, irregular… KROK 1 2017 – Question 118
  20. A patient, who has been subsisting exclusively on polished rice, has developed polyneuritis due to thiamine deficiency. What substance is an indicator of such… KROK 1 2017 – Question 129
  21. It is known that pentose-phosphate pathway actively functions in the erythrocytes. What is the main function of this metabolic pathway in the erythrocytes? KROK 1 2017 – Question 130
  22. Inherited diseases, such as mucopolysaccharidoses, manifest in metabolic disorders of connective tissue, bone and joint pathologies. The sign of this disease is the… KROK 1 2017 – Question 133
  23. One of the factors that cause obesity is the inhibition of fatty acids oxidation due to: KROK 1 2017 – Question 147
  24. Streptomycin and other aminoglycosides prevent the joining of formylmethionyl-tRNA by bonding with the 30S ribosomal subunit. This effect leads to disruption of the… KROK 1 2017 – Question 148
  25. A 67-year-old man consumes eggs, pork fat, butter, milk and meat. Blood test results: cholesterol - 12,3 mmol/l, total lipids - 8,2 g/l, increased low-density… KROK 1 2017 – Question 151
  26. A patient has been admitted to the contagious isolation ward with signs of jaundice caused by hepatitis virus. Which of the symptoms given below is strictly specific… KROK 1 2017 – Question 157
  27. An infant, who was on synthetic formula feeding, developed signs of vitamin B1 deficiency. What reactions does this vitamin take part in? KROK 1 2017 – Question 167
  28. During examination of a teenager with xanthomatosis the family history of hypercholesterolemia is revealed. What transportable lipids are increased in concentration in… KROK 1 2017 – Question 180
  29. A 52-year-old man presents with fever and pain in the joints. Both of his first metatarsophalangeal articulations are deformed, swollen, and reddened. Blood urea is… KROK 1 2017 – Question 189
  30. Protective function of saliva is based on several mechanisms, including the presence of enzyme that has bactericidal action and causes lysis of complex capsular… KROK 1 2018 – Question 7
  31. In the process of hemoglobin catabolism iron is released and then as a part of special transport protein is returned to the bone marrow, to be used again for hemoglobin… KROK 1 2018 – Question 8
  32. The first-aid center has received a victim of a traffic accident diagnosed with closed displaced fracture of the middle third of the thigh. For repositioning of bone… KROK 1 2018 – Question 9
  33. Collagenosis patients typically present with connective tissue destruction processes. The presence of these processes can be confirmed by the increase in: KROK 1 2018 – Question 19
  34. A 42-year-old man with gout presents with high content of uric acid in blood. The patient was prescribed allopurinol to lower the concentration of uric acid… KROK 1 2018 – Question 34
  35. Nitrogen is being excreted from the body mainly as urea. When activity of a certain enzyme in the liver is low, it results in inhibition of urea synthesis and nitrogen… KROK 1 2018 – Question 51
  36. People, who for a long time remained in hypodynamic state, develop intense pain in the muscles after a physical exertion. What is the most likely cause of this pain? KROK 1 2018 – Question 53
  37. A patient suffers from hepatic cirrhosis. What substance excreted in urine should be analyzed to characterize the antitoxic function of liver? KROK 1 2018 – Question 57
  38. Blood of the patients with diabetes mellitus shows increased content of free fatty acids. Name the most likely cause of this: KROK 1 2018 – Question 59
  39. Patients with bile duct obstruction typically present with inhibited blood clotting and develop hemorrhages due to insufficient assimilation of vitamin: KROK 1 2018 – Question 62
  40. During intensive muscle work there is a large amount of ammonia produced in the muscles. What amino acid plays the main role in the transportation of ammonia to the… KROK 1 2018 – Question 83
  41. Encephalopathy has developed in a child with hemolytic disease of the newborn. What substance had increased in the child’s blood, resulting in damage to the CNS? KROK 1 2018 – Question 84
  42. Neutralization of xenobiotics and active endogenous metabolites often occurs via introduction of an oxygen atom into the substrate molecule. What process occurs as the… KROK 1 2018 – Question 106
  43. During intensive physical exertion, one of the energy sources for the working muscles is glucose produced as the result of gluconeogenesis. This process is the most… KROK 1 2018 – Question 112
  44. A hereditary disease - homocystinuria - is caused by disturbed transformation of homocysteine into methionine. Accumulated homocysteine forms its dimer (homocystine)… KROK 1 2018 – Question 129
  45. During hypersensitivity skin test a patient received an allergen subcutaneously, after which the patient developed skin redness, edema, and pain due to histamine… KROK 1 2018 – Question 130
  46. A sick child presents with high content of phenyl pyruvate in urine (normally it is practically absent). Blood phenylalanine level is 350 mg/L (norm - 15 mg/L). What… KROK 1 2018 – Question 143
  47. A man is a carrier of HIV that is an RNA virus. The cells of this patient synthesize viral DNA. This process is based on: KROK 1 2018 – Question 147
  48. A newborn presents with weak suckling, frequent vomiting, and hypotonia. Blood and urine citrulline are very high. What metabolic process is disturbed? KROK 1 2018 – Question 150
  49. One of the causes of pernicious anemia is disturbed synthesis of transcorrin (Castle’s intrinsic factor) by the parietal cells of the stomach. What substance is called… KROK 1 2018 – Question 156
  50. Congenital pyruvate carboxylase deficiency causes physical and mental retardation in children and leads to early death. It is characterized by lactic acidemia… KROK 1 2018 – Question 158

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