KROK (Medicine) questions: Biological Chemistry — page 2

464 questions in Biological Chemistry. Open a question to see the answer options and a hint.

51. Vitamin A together with specific cytoreceptors penetrates through the nuclear membranes, induces transcription processes that stimulate growth and differentiation of… KROK 1 2010 – Question 43
52. A newborn child suffers from milk curdling in stomach, this means that soluble milk proteins (caseins) transform to insoluble proteins (paracaseins) by means of calcium… KROK 1 2010 – Question 49
53. A clinic observes a 49 year old patient with significant prolongation of coagulation time, gastrointestinal haemorrhages, subcutaneous hematomas. These symptoms might… KROK 1 2010 – Question 64
54. A cerebral trauma caused increased ammonia generation. What amino acid participates in the excretion of ammonia from the cerebral tissue? KROK 1 2010 – Question 66
55. Emotional stress causes activation of hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase in the adipocytes. What secondary mediator takes part in this process? KROK 1 2010 – Question 74
56. A 35 year old man consulted a dentist about reduced density of dental tissue, high fragility of teeth during eating solid food. This patient suffers the most probably… KROK 1 2010 – Question 84
57. During hypersensitivity test a patient got subcutaneous injection of an antigen which caused reddening of skin, edema, pain as a result of histamine action. This… KROK 1 2010 – Question 109
58. A 64 year old woman has impairment of twilight vision (hemeralopy). What vitamin should be recommended in the first place? KROK 1 2010 – Question 112
59. A patient complained about dizziness, memory impairment, periodical convulsions. It was revealed that these changes were caused by a product of decarboxylation of… KROK 1 2010 – Question 115
60. A sportsman needs to improve his sporting results. He was recommended to take a preparation that contains carnitine. What process is activated the most by this compound? KROK 1 2010 – Question 116
61. Laboratory examination of a child revealed increased concentration of leucine, valine, isoleucine and their ketoderivatives in blood and urine. Urine smelt of maple… KROK 1 2010 – Question 117
62. A patient suffering from stenocardia was taking nitroglycerine which caused restoration of blood supply of myocardium and relieved pain in the cardiac area. What… KROK 1 2010 – Question 122
63. When blood circulation in the damaged tissue is restored, then lactate accumulation comes to a stop and glucose consumption decelerates. These metabolic changes are… KROK 1 2010 – Question 136
64. Patients who suffer from severe diabetes and don’t receive insulin have metabolic acidosis. This is caused by increased concentration of the following metabolites: KROK 1 2010 – Question 141
65. A 4 year old child with hereditary renal lesion has signs of rickets, vitamin D concentration in blood is normal. What is the most probable cause of rickets development? KROK 1 2010 – Question 142
66. Dietary intake of a 30 year old nursing woman contains 1000 mg of calcium, 1300 mg of phosphorus and 20 mg of iron per day. It is necessary to change content of these… KROK 1 2010 – Question 168
67. Cardinal symptoms of primary hyperparathyroidism are osteoporosis and renal lesion along with development of urolithiasis. What substance makes up the basis of these… KROK 1 2010 – Question 172
68. Study of conversion of a food colouring agent revealed that neutralization of this xenobiotic takes place only in one phase - microsomal oxydation. Name a component of… KROK 1 2010 – Question 180
69. A 46-year-old female patient has a continuous history of progressive muscular (Duchenne’s) dystrophy. Which blood enzyme changes will be of diagnostic value in this case? KROK 1 2011 – Question 5
70. A 10-year-old girl has a history of repeated acute respiratory viral infection. After recovering she presents with multiple petechial hemorrhages on the sites of… KROK 1 2011 – Question 7
71. Researchers isolated 5 isoenzymic forms of lactate dehydrogenase from the human blood serum and studied their properties. What property indicates that the isoenzymic… KROK 1 2011 – Question 9
72. A patient has pellagra. Interrogation revealed that he had lived mostly on maize for a long time and eaten little meat. This disease had been caused by the deficit of… KROK 1 2011 – Question 17
73. A 46-year-old patient consulted a doctor complaining about joint pain that becomes stronger the day before the weather changes. Blood examination revealed an increased… KROK 1 2011 – Question 19
74. 12 hours after an acute attack of retrosternal pain a patient presented a jump of aspartate aminotransferase activity in blood serum. What pathology is this deviation… KROK 1 2011 – Question 20
75. A 2-year-old child with mental and physical retardation has been delivered to a hospital. He presents with frequent vomiting after having meals. There is phenylpyruvic… KROK 1 2011 – Question 22
76. A doctor recommends a patient with duodenal ulcer to drink cabbage and potato juice after the therapy course. Which substances contained in these vegetables help to… KROK 1 2011 – Question 28
77. Urine analysis of a 12-year-old boy reveals high concentration of all aliphatic amino acids with the highest excretion of cystine and cysteine. US of kidneys revealed… KROK 1 2011 – Question 29
78. A 30-year-old male patient with acute pancreatitis has been found to have a disorder of cavitary protein digestion. The reason for such condition can be the… KROK 1 2011 – Question 33
79. The greater amount of nitrogen is excreted from the organism in form of urea. Inhibition of urea synthesis and accumulation of ammonia in blood and tissues are induced… KROK 1 2011 – Question 37
80. A 36-year-old female patient has a history of collagen disease. Urine analysis is likely to reveal an increased concentration of the following metabolite: KROK 1 2011 – Question 38
81. It was revealed that T-lymphocytes were affected by HIV. Virus enzyme reverse transcriptase (RNA-dependent DNA-polymerase) - catalyzes the synthesis of: KROK 1 2011 – Question 45
82. A patient has an increased pyruvate concentration in blood, most of it is excreted with the urine. What kind of avitaminosis has this patient? KROK 1 2011 – Question 58
83. Jaundice treatment involves administration of barbiturates inducing the synthesis of UDP-glucuronyl transferase. A medicinal effect is caused by the production of: KROK 1 2011 – Question 66
84. Blood analysis of a patient with jaundice reveals conjugated bilirubinemia, increased concentration of bile acids. There is no stercobilinogen in urine. What type of… KROK 1 2011 – Question 75
85. A patient has been diagnosed with alkaptonuria. Choose an enzyme whose deficiency can be the reason for this pathology: KROK 1 2011 – Question 81
86. Vitamin B1 deficiency causes disturbance of oxidative decarboxylation of α-ketoglutaric acid. This leads to the impaired synthesis of the following coenzyme: KROK 1 2011 – Question 86
87. Blood plasma of a healthy man contains several dozens of proteins. During an illness new proteins can originate, namely the protein of "acute phase". Select such… KROK 1 2011 – Question 112
88. During hypersensitivity test a patient got subcutaneous injection of an antigen which caused reddening of skin, edema, pain as a result of histamine action. This… KROK 1 2011 – Question 114
89. A patient complained about dizziness, memory impairment, periodical convulsions. It was revealed that these changes were caused by a product of decarboxylation of… KROK 1 2011 – Question 120
90. It was found out that some compounds, for instance fungi toxins and some antibiotics can inhibit activity of RNA-polymerase. What process will be disturbed in a cell in… KROK 1 2011 – Question 121
91. Tissue inositol triphosphates are generated as a result of the phosphatidylinositol diphosphate hydrolysis and act as secondary agents (mediators) in the mechanism of… KROK 1 2011 – Question 141
92. During starvation muscle proteins break up into free amino acids. These compounds will be the most probably involved into the following process: KROK 1 2011 – Question 144
93. A 1-year-old baby has been hospitalised for body and limbs lesions. Examination revealed carnitine deficiency in the child’s muscles. A biochemical reason for this… KROK 1 2011 – Question 147
94. Some students developed myodynia after continuous physical activity during physical education. The reason for such condition was accumulation of lactic acid in the… KROK 1 2011 – Question 149
95. A newborn develops dyspepsia after the milk feeding. When the milk is substituted by the glucose solution the dyspepsia symptoms disappear. The newborn has the… KROK 1 2011 – Question 150
96. A newborn child was found to have reduced intensity of sucking, frequent vomiting, hypotonia. Urine and blood exhibit increased concentration of citrulline. What… KROK 1 2011 – Question 167
97. A male patient has been diagnosed with acute radiation disease. Laboratory examination revealed a considerable reduction of platelet serotonin level. The likely cause… KROK 1 2011 – Question 168
98. A child has mental and physical retardation, grave damage of internal connective tissue. Urine analysis reveals keratan sulfates. What metabolic process is disturbed? KROK 1 2011 – Question 172
99. Study of conversion of a food colouring agent revealed that neutralization of this xenobiotic takes place only in one phase - microsomal oxydation. Name a component of… KROK 1 2011 – Question 184
100. Characteristic sign of glycogenosis is muscle pain during physical work. Blood examination reveals usually hypoglycemia. This pathology is caused by congenital… KROK 1 2012 – Question 2

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