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KROK (Medicine) questions: Biological Chemistry — page 7

464 questions in Biological Chemistry. Open a question to see the answer options and a hint.

  1. A patient is diagnosed with glucocerebroside lipidosis (Gaucher’s disease) that manifests as splenomegaly, liver enlargement, affected bone tissue, and neuropathies… KROK 1 2018 – Question 163
  2. A 3-year-old girl with mental retardation has been diagnosed with sphingomyelin lipidosis (Niemann-Pick disease). In this condition the synthesis of the following… KROK 1 2018 – Question 164
  3. A 7-year-old child presents with marked signs of hemolytic anemia. Biochemical analysis of erythrocytes determined low concentration of NADPH and reduced glutathione… KROK 1 2018 – Question 175
  4. An 8-year-old girl presents with signs of disturbed twilight vision. This condition is caused by the deficiency of vitamin: KROK 1 2018 – Question 177
  5. A 25-year-old young man came to the doctor complaining of general weakness, rapid fatigability, irritability, reduced working ability, and bleeding gums. What vitamin… KROK 1 2018 – Question 178
  6. A 52-year-old man presents with fever and pain in the joints. Both of his first metatarsophalangeal articulations are deformed, swollen, and reddened. Blood urea is… KROK 1 2018 – Question 179
  7. A patient, who has been subsisting exclusively on polished rice, has developed polyneuritis due to thiamine deficiency. What substance is an indicator of such… KROK 1 2019 – Question 2
  8. Ammonia is extremely toxic for human CNS. What is the main way of ammonia neutralization in the nervous tissue? KROK 1 2019 – Question 3
  9. A patient presents with an acute attack of cholelithiasis. Laboratory examination of the patient’s feces will show the following in this case: KROK 1 2019 – Question 10
  10. During diabetes mellitus and starvation, the number of acetone bodies in blood increases. These bodies are used as a source of energy and are synthesized from the… KROK 1 2019 – Question 29
  11. A 45-year-old woman exhibits no signs of diabetes mellitus, but her fasting blood glucose levels are elevated (7.2 mmol/L). What should be measured next? KROK 1 2019 – Question 36
  12. Examination of a patient shows decreased leukocyte and erythrocyte count and low hemoglobin levels in peripheric blood, as well as appearance of large cells… KROK 1 2019 – Question 37
  13. A newborn presents with weak suckling, frequent vomiting, and hypotonia. Blood and urine citrulline are very high. What metabolic process is disturbed? KROK 1 2019 – Question 39
  14. Patients with ischemic heart disease are usually prescribed small doses of aspirin. This drug inhibits synthesis of platelet aggregation activator, thromboxane A2. What… KROK 1 2019 – Question 40
  15. Disturbed activity of trypsin and chymotrypsin leads to disturbed protein breakup in the small intestine. Activity of these enzymes depends on the presence of the… KROK 1 2019 – Question 43
  16. A 3-year-old child with elevated body temperature has taken aspirin and developed increased hemolysis of erythrocytes. In this case hemolytic anemia can be caused by… KROK 1 2019 – Question 46
  17. Collagenosis patients typically present with the processes of connective tissue destruction. The presence of these processes can be confirmed by the increase in: KROK 1 2019 – Question 49
  18. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome often develops in chronic alcoholics, who have a low-vitamin diet. Decreased transketolase activity can be observed in the course of this… KROK 1 2019 – Question 52
  19. Chronic overdose of glucocorticoids leads to the development of hyperglycemia in a patient. Name the process of carbohydrate metabolism that results in elevated blood… KROK 1 2019 – Question 56
  20. A man is a carrier of HIV that is an RNA virus. The cells of this patient synthesize viral DNA. This process is based on: KROK 1 2019 – Question 62
  21. A patient for a long time was on an imbalanced diet low in proteins, which resulted in hepatic fatty infiltration. This condition is likely to develop if a certain… KROK 1 2019 – Question 64
  22. People, who for a long time remained in hypodynamic state, develop intense pain in the muscles after a physical exertion. What is the most likely cause of this pain? KROK 1 2019 – Question 73
  23. The Gerontology Institute recommends older people to take vitamin complexes that contain vitamin E. What is the main function of this vitamin? KROK 1 2019 – Question 81
  24. A patient with myocardial infarction in the acute phase has been hospitalized into the cardiology unit. To induce platelet lysis in the patient’s coronary vessels… KROK 1 2019 – Question 88
  25. Blood test of the patient revealed albumine content of 20 g/l and increased activity of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 5 (LDH5). These results indicate disorder of the… KROK 1 2019 – Question 93
  26. A patient with diabetes mellitus after an insulin injection lost his consciousness and developed convulsions. What will be the result of a biochemical test for blood… KROK 1 2019 – Question 94
  27. A 7-year-old boy is diagnosed with anemia. Laboratory analysis detects pyruvate kinase deficiency in his erythrocytes. What process is disturbed in this boy, playing… KROK 1 2019 – Question 101
  28. A 27-year-old patient presents with pathologic changes in the liver and brain. Blood plasma exhibits acute decrease in copper levels, while urine copper levels are… KROK 1 2019 – Question 134
  29. A mother of a 4-month-old male infant brought him to pediatrician with complaints of food rejection and weight loss. He started having trouble latching onto his bottle… KROK 1 2019 – Question 160
  30. A 37-year-old man is admitted to hospital with mental confusion and disorientation. His wife reports he became more irritable and forgetful in the past year. In… KROK 1 2019 – Question 170
  31. Secretion of orotic acid many times exceeds the norm in patients with hereditary orotic aciduria. This pathology is associated with disturbed synthesis of: KROK 1 2020 – Question 11
  32. A diet must contain fats. What plasticity function do they fulfill in the body? KROK 1 2020 – Question 12
  33. A patient with neurodermatitis was taking prednisolone for a long time. Examination revealed high blood glucose. This complication occurs, when glucocorticosteroids… KROK 1 2020 – Question 26
  34. Various physical and physico-chemical methods are used in research of blood serum proteins. In particular, serum albumins and globulins can be separated using the… KROK 1 2020 – Question 34
  35. It is a known fact that in the human body the biosynthesis of purine nucleotides occurs de novo from amino acids. Name the amino acids that are used in the synthesis of… KROK 1 2020 – Question 40
  36. A 2-year-old child presents with marked delay in psychomotor development, vision and hearing deterioration, marked enlargement of the liver and spleen. The child is… KROK 1 2020 – Question 44
  37. It has been found experimentally that activation of amino acids and their binding to the tRNA is an important stage of preparation for protein synthesis in the cells… KROK 1 2020 – Question 46
  38. A woman complains that her child is unwell: the child developed loss of appetite, insomnia, and irritability. Biochemical testing shows that there is no… KROK 1 2020 – Question 51
  39. One of the causes of pernicious anemia is the disturbed synthesis of transcorrin - Castle’s intrinsic factor - in the parietal cells of the stomach. What substance is… KROK 1 2020 – Question 58
  40. A patient complains of stomachache. Biochemical testing revealed decreased secretory function of the stomach accompanied by anemia. Hypovitaminosis B12 and development… KROK 1 2020 – Question 61
  41. Vitamin B1 deficiency impairs oxidative decarboxylation of alpha-ketoglutaric acid, which leads to disturbed synthesis of a certain coenzyme. Name this coenzyme: KROK 1 2020 – Question 67
  42. Electrons release their energy, when they are being transported in the course of tissue respiration. This energy is used for the following process: KROK 1 2020 – Question 69
  43. An infant developed darkened sclerae, mucosa, and auricles. The urine becomes dark, when exposed to the air. Blood and urine contain homogentisic acid. What is the most… KROK 1 2020 – Question 74
  44. Mother of a 5-year-old child complains that her child develops itching skin, erythema, and vesicular rash after exposure to the sun. Blood test revealed low levels of… KROK 1 2020 – Question 75
  45. After eating raw eggs the patient developed dermatitis. What type of avitaminosis is it? KROK 1 2020 – Question 79
  46. Blood of a patient with bladder cancer has high levels of serotonin and hydroxyanthranilic acid, because of excessive intake of a certain amino acid. Name this amino… KROK 1 2020 – Question 81
  47. The patient underwent blood test that showed albumin of 20 g/L and increased activity of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 5 (LDH5). These results indicate a disorder of… KROK 1 2020 – Question 86
  48. A 60-year-old man complains of pain in his lower abdomen and frequent stools. Stool analysis shows increased levels of neutral fats in the patient’s feces. Incomplete… KROK 1 2020 – Question 98
  49. A child has cataract, delayed mental development, and enlarged liver. The doctor suspects these signs are caused by the deficiency of hexose-1-phosphate… KROK 1 2020 – Question 102
  50. A test animal kept on a low-protein diet developed fatty infiltration of the liver due to low levels of methylating agents. What amino acid is a methylating agent? KROK 1 2020 – Question 115

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