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KROK (Medicine) questions: Biological Chemistry

464 questions in Biological Chemistry. Open a question to see the answer options and a hint.

  1. A mother consulted a doctor about her 5-year-old child who develops erythemas, vesicular rash and skin itch under the influence of sun. Laboratory studies revealed… KROK 1 2009 – Question 7
  2. A baby refuses the breast, he is anxious, presents with arrhythmic respiration. The urine smells of "brewer’s yeast" or "maple syrup". This pathology was caused by the… KROK 1 2009 – Question 8
  3. A patient’s organism has decreased concentration of magnesium ions that are necessary for attachment of ribosomes to the granular endoplasmatic reticulum. It is known… KROK 1 2009 – Question 14
  4. A 62-year-old female patient has developed a cataract (lenticular opacity) secondary to the diabetes mellitus. What type of protein modification is observed in case of… KROK 1 2009 – Question 20
  5. A patient has an increased pyruvate concentration in blood. A large amount of it is excreted with the urine. What vitamin is lacking in this patient? KROK 1 2009 – Question 29
  6. A patient has pellagra. Interrogation revealed that he had lived mostly on maize for a long time and eaten little meat. This disease had been caused by the deficit of… KROK 1 2009 – Question 30
  7. A patient with high rate of obesity was advised to use carnitine as a food additive in order to enhance "fat burning". What is the role of carnitine in the process of… KROK 1 2009 – Question 32
  8. Examination of a 27-year-old patient revealed pathological changes in liver and brain. Blood plasma analysis revealed an abrupt decrease in the copper concentration… KROK 1 2009 – Question 37
  9. A patient complains about dyspnea provoked by the physical activity. Clinical examination revealed anaemia and presence of the paraprotein in the zone of… KROK 1 2009 – Question 38
  10. A 62-year-old female patient complains about frequent pains in the region of thorax and vertebral column, rib fractures. A physician suspected myelomatosis… KROK 1 2009 – Question 40
  11. Nappies of a newborn have dark spots being the evidence of homogentisic acid formation. This is caused by the metabolic disorder of the following substance: KROK 1 2009 – Question 42
  12. A 1.5-year-old child presents with both mental and physical lag, decolorizing of skin and hair, decrease in catecholamine concentration in blood. When a few drops of 5%… KROK 1 2009 – Question 57
  13. The greater amount of nitrogen is excreted from the organism in form of urea. Inhibition of urea synthesis and accumulation of ammonia in blood and tissues are induced… KROK 1 2009 – Question 63
  14. Examination of a patient with frequent haemorrhages from the internal organs and mucous membranes revealed proline and lysine within the collagen fibers. Disorder of… KROK 1 2009 – Question 67
  15. Products of some proteins hydrolysis and modification are the biologically active substances called hormones. Lipotropin, corticotropin, melanotropin and endorphins are… KROK 1 2009 – Question 72
  16. In patients with the biliary tract obstruction the blood coagulation is inhibited; the patients have frequent haemorrhages caused by the subnormal assimilation of the… KROK 1 2009 – Question 73
  17. During examination of an 11-month-old infant a pediatrician revealed osteoectasia of the lower extremities and delayed mineralization of cranial bones. Such pathology… KROK 1 2009 – Question 99
  18. You are studying functioning of a bacteria operon. The operator gene has been released from the repressor gene. Immediately after this the following process will start… KROK 1 2009 – Question 102
  19. After a sprint an untrained person develops muscle hypoxia. This leads to the accumulation of the following metabolite in muscles: KROK 1 2009 – Question 107
  20. Cytoplasm of the myocytes contains a lot of dissolved metabolites resulting from glucose oxidation. Name the metabolite that turns directly into lactate: KROK 1 2009 – Question 108
  21. Vitamin B1 deficiency causes disturbance of oxidative decarboxylation of α-ketoglutaric acid. This leads to the impaired synthesis of the following coenzyme: KROK 1 2009 – Question 115
  22. On the ground of clinical presentations a patient was prescribed pyridoxal phosphate. This medication is recommended for correction of the following processes: KROK 1 2009 – Question 116
  23. A patient presents with twilight vision impairment. Which of the following vitamins should be administered? KROK 1 2009 – Question 138
  24. A 9-month-old infant is fed with artificial formulas with unbalanced vitamin B6 concentration. The infant presents with pellagral dermatitis, convulsions, anaemia… KROK 1 2009 – Question 149
  25. After a disease a 16-year-old boy is presenting with decreased function of protein synthesis in the liver as a result of vitamin K deficiency. This may cause disorder of: KROK 1 2009 – Question 153
  26. A 58-year-old patient suffers from the cerebral atherosclerosis. Examination revealed hyperlipoidemia. What class of lipoproteins will most probably show increase in… KROK 1 2009 – Question 160
  27. A newborn develops dyspepsia after the milk feeding. When the milk is substituted by the glucose solution the dyspepsia symptoms disappear. The newborn has the… KROK 1 2009 – Question 165
  28. In clinical practice tuberculosis is treated with izoniazid preparation - that is an antivitamin able to penetrate into the tuberculosis bacillus. Tuberculostatic… KROK 1 2009 – Question 177
  29. A newborn child was found to have reduced intensity of sucking, frequent vomiting, hypotonia. Urine and blood exhibit increased concentration of citrulline. What… KROK 1 2009 – Question 178
  30. A 49-year-old driver complains about unbearable constricting pain behind the breastbone irradiating to the neck. The pain arose 2 hours ago. Objectively: the patient’s… KROK 1 2009 – Question 189
  31. Pharmacological effects of antidepressants are based upon blocking (inhibiting) the enzyme that acts as a catalyst for the breakdown of biogenic amines noradrenalin and… KROK 1 2009 – Question 194
  32. An oncological patient was administered methotrexate. With the lapse of time the target cells of the tumour lost sensitivity to this preparation. We can observe changes… KROK 1 2009 – Question 195
  33. Characteristic sign of glycogenosis is muscle pain during physical work. Blood examination reveals usually hypoglycemia. This pathology is caused by congenital… KROK 1 2010 – Question 2
  34. During an operation a patient got injection of muscle relaxant dithylinum. Relaxation of skeletal muscles and inhibition of respiration lasted two hours. This condition… KROK 1 2010 – Question 4
  35. Examination of a patient suffering from cancer of urinary bladder revealed high rate of serotonin and hydroxyanthranilic acid. It is caused by excess of the following… KROK 1 2010 – Question 5
  36. Blood of a 12 year old boy presents low concentration of uric acid and accumulation of xanthine and hypoxanthine. This child has genetic defect of the following enzyme: KROK 1 2010 – Question 6
  37. A patient is ill with diabetes mellitus accompanied by hyperglycemia on an empty stomach (7,2 millimole/l). The hyperglycemia rate can be retrospectively estimated… KROK 1 2010 – Question 8
  38. A patient has low rate of magnesium ions that are necessary for affixion of ribosomes to the endoplasmic reticulum. It is known that it causes disturbance of protein… KROK 1 2010 – Question 11
  39. A full-term newborn child has yellowish skin and mucous membranes. This might be probably caused by temporary deficiency of the following enzyme: KROK 1 2010 – Question 13
  40. A patient ill with neurodermatitis has been taking prednisolone for a long time. Examination revealed high rate of sugar in his blood. This complication is caused by… KROK 1 2010 – Question 14
  41. Examination of a patient revealed typical presentations of collagenosis. This pathology is characterized by increase of the following urine index: KROK 1 2010 – Question 18
  42. Untrained people often have muscle pain after sprints as a result of lactate accumulation. This might be caused by intensification of the following biochemical process: KROK 1 2010 – Question 19
  43. Examination of a patient suffering from frequent haemorrhages in the inner organs and mucous membranes revealed proline and lysine being included in collagen fibers… KROK 1 2010 – Question 20
  44. A 48 year old patient complained about intense pain, slight swelling and reddening of skin over the joints, temperature rise up to 38 °C. Blood analysis revealed high… KROK 1 2010 – Question 22
  45. An experimental animal that was kept on protein-free diet developed fatty liver infiltration, in particular as a result of deficiency of methylating agents. This is… KROK 1 2010 – Question 23
  46. A 46 year old woman suffering from cholelithiasis developed jaundice. Her urine became dark-yellow and feces became colourless. Blood serum will have the highest… KROK 1 2010 – Question 24
  47. A 62 year woman complains of frequent pain attacks in the area of her chest and backbone, rib fractures. Her doctor suspected myeloma (plasmocytoma). What of the… KROK 1 2010 – Question 26
  48. A newborn child has convulsions that have been observed after prescription of vitamin B6. This most probable cause of this effect is that vitamin B6 is a component of… KROK 1 2010 – Question 27
  49. A patient underwent an operation on account of gall bladder excision that resulted in obstruction of Ca absorption through the bowels wall. What vitamin will stimulate… KROK 1 2010 – Question 31
  50. A patient suffers from hepatocirrhosis. State of antitoxic liver function can be characterized by examination of the following substance excreted by urine: KROK 1 2010 – Question 41

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