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KROK (Medicine) questions: Biological Chemistry — page 3

464 questions in Biological Chemistry. Open a question to see the answer options and a hint.

  1. During an operation a patient got injection of muscle relaxant dithylinum. Relaxation of skeletal muscles and inhibition of respiration lasted two hours. This condition… KROK 1 2012 – Question 3
  2. A 46-year-old female patient has a continuous history of progressive muscular (Duchenne’s) dystrophy. Which blood enzyme changes will be of diagnostic value in this case? KROK 1 2012 – Question 7
  3. An experimental animal that was kept on protein-free diet developed fatty liver infiltration, in particular as a result of deficiency of methylating agents. This is… KROK 1 2012 – Question 35
  4. A patient complains about dyspnea provoked by the physical activity. Clinical examination revealed anaemia and presence of the paraprotein in the zone of… KROK 1 2012 – Question 37
  5. Examination of a child who hasn’t got fresh fruit and vegetables during winter revealed numerous subcutaneous hemorrhages, gingivitis, carious cavities in teeth. What… KROK 1 2012 – Question 38
  6. A 2-year-old child with mental and physical retardation has been delivered to a hospital. He presents with frequent vomiting after having meals. There is phenylpyruvic… KROK 1 2012 – Question 39
  7. Before the cells can utilize the glucose, it is first transported from the extracellular space through the plasmatic membrane inside them. This process is stimulated by… KROK 1 2012 – Question 42
  8. A child has an acute renal failure. What biochemical factor found in saliva can confirm this diagnosis? KROK 1 2012 – Question 44
  9. After severe viral hepatitis a 4 year old boy presents with vomiting, occasional loss of consciousness, convulsions. Blood test revealed hyperammoniemia. Such condition… KROK 1 2012 – Question 46
  10. A 36-year-old female patient has a history of collagen disease. Urine analysis is likely to reveal an increased concentration of the following metabolite: KROK 1 2012 – Question 66
  11. Vitamin A together with specific cytoreceptors penetrates through the nuclear membranes, induces transcription processes that stimulate growth and differentiation of… KROK 1 2012 – Question 82
  12. To prevent postoperative bleeding a 6-year-old child was administered vicasol that is a synthetic analogue of vitamin K. Name post-translational changes of blood… KROK 1 2012 – Question 95
  13. Blood analysis of a patient with jaundice reveals conjugated bilirubinemia, increased concentration of bile acids. There is no stercobilinogen in urine. What type of… KROK 1 2012 – Question 98
  14. Emotional stress causes activation of hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase in the adipocytes. What secondary mediator takes part in this process? KROK 1 2012 – Question 105
  15. A patient has been diagnosed with alkaptonuria. Choose an enzyme whose deficiency can be the reason for this pathology: KROK 1 2012 – Question 106
  16. Osteolaterism is characterized by a decrease in collagen strength caused by much less intensive formation of crosslinks in collagen fibrils. This phenomenon is caused… KROK 1 2012 – Question 139
  17. An oncological patient had been administered methotrexate. With time target cells of the tumour lost sensitivity to this drug. At the same time the change in gene… KROK 1 2012 – Question 146
  18. A 64 year old woman has impairment of twilight vision (hemeralopy). What vitamin should be recommended in the first place? KROK 1 2012 – Question 147
  19. A patient suffering from stenocardia was taking nitroglycerine which caused restoration of blood supply of myocardium and relieved pain in the cardiac area. What… KROK 1 2012 – Question 153
  20. Examination of a patient revealed II grade obesity. It is known that he consumes a lot of sweets and rich food, has sedentary way of life. That’s why anabolic… KROK 1 2012 – Question 164
  21. A 4 year old child with hereditary renal lesion has signs of rickets, vitamin D concentration in blood is normal. What is the most probable cause of rickets development? KROK 1 2012 – Question 170
  22. An infectious disease unit admitted a patient with signs of jaundice caused by hepatitis virus. Select an indicator that is specific only for parenchymatous jaundice: KROK 1 2012 – Question 173
  23. A patient presents with dysfunction of cerebral cortex accompanied by epileptic seizures. He has been administered a biogenic amine synthetized from glutamate and… KROK 1 2012 – Question 174
  24. A male patient has been diagnosed with acute radiation disease. Laboratory examination revealed a considerable reduction of platelet serotonin level. The likely cause… KROK 1 2012 – Question 191
  25. Pharmacological effects of antidepressants are based upon blocking (inhibiting) the enzyme that acts as a catalyst for the breakdown of biogenic amines noradrenalin and… KROK 1 2012 – Question 197
  26. Pterin derivatives (aminopterin and methotrexate) are the inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase, so that they inhibit the regeneration of tetrahydrofolic acid from… KROK 1 2013 – Question 3
  27. Hemoglobin catabolism results in release of iron which is transported to the bone marrow by a certain transfer protein and used again for the synthesis of hemoglobin… KROK 1 2013 – Question 5
  28. Electrophoretic study of a blood serum sample, taken from the patient with pneumonia, revealed an increase in one of the protein fractions. Specify this fraction: KROK 1 2013 – Question 21
  29. A 42-year-old male patient with gout has an increased blood uric acid concentration. In order to reduce the level of uric acid the doctor administered him allopurinol… KROK 1 2013 – Question 26
  30. A patient with jaundice has high total bilirubin that is mainly indirect (unconjugated), high concentration of stercobilin in the stool and urine. The level of direct… KROK 1 2013 – Question 44
  31. Glycogen polysaccharide is synthesized from the active form of glucose. The immediate donor of glucose residues during the glycogenesis is: KROK 1 2013 – Question 57
  32. A number of diseases can be diagnosed by evaluating activity of blood transaminases. What vitamin is one of cofactors of these enzymes? KROK 1 2013 – Question 63
  33. A patient has normally coloured stool including a large amount of free fatty acids. The reason for this is a disturbance of the following process: KROK 1 2013 – Question 70
  34. By the decarboxylation of glutamate in the CNS an inhibitory mediator is formed. Name it: KROK 1 2013 – Question 72
  35. To prevent attacks of acute pancreatitis a doctor prescribed the patient trasylol (contrycal, gordox), which is an inhibitor of: KROK 1 2013 – Question 85
  36. A hospital has admitted a patient complaining of abdominal bloating, diarrhea, flatulence after eating protein foods. These signs are indicative of the impaired… KROK 1 2013 – Question 95
  37. An unconscious patient was taken by ambulance to the hospital. On objective examination the patient was found to have no reflexes, periodical convulsions, irregular… KROK 1 2013 – Question 98
  38. A 20-year-old male patient complains of general weakness, rapid fatigability, irritability, decreased performance, bleeding gums, petechiae on the skin. What vitamin… KROK 1 2013 – Question 99
  39. It is known that the monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzyme plays an important part in the metabolism of catecholamine neurotransmitters. In what way does the enzyme inactivate… KROK 1 2013 – Question 100
  40. Enzymatic jaundices are accompanied by abnormal activity of UDP-glucuronyl transferase. What compound is accumulated in blood serum in case of these pathologies? KROK 1 2013 – Question 111
  41. For the study of serum proteins various physical and physicochemical methods can be used. In particular, serum albumins and globulins can be separated by this method: KROK 1 2013 – Question 112
  42. Inherited diseases, such as mucopolysaccharidoses, are manifested in metabolic disorders of connective tissue, bone and joint pathologies. The sign of this disease is… KROK 1 2013 – Question 116
  43. Infectious diseases are treated with antibiotics (streptomycin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol). They inhibit the following stage of protein synthesis: KROK 1 2013 – Question 123
  44. Diseases of the respiratory system and circulatory disorders impair the transport of oxygen, thus leading to hypoxia. Under these conditions the energy metabolism is… KROK 1 2013 – Question 124
  45. 6 hours after the myocardial infarction a patient was found to have elevated level of lactate dehydrogenase in blood. What isoenzyme should be expected in this case? KROK 1 2013 – Question 130
  46. A 50-year-old patient with food poisoning is on a drip of 10% glucose solution. It not only provides the body with necessary energy, but also performs the function of… KROK 1 2013 – Question 132
  47. One of the factors that cause obesity is the inhibition of fatty acids oxidation due to: KROK 1 2013 – Question 142
  48. The genetic defect of pyruvate carboxylase deficiency is the cause of delayed physical and mental development and early death in children. This defect is characterized… KROK 1 2013 – Question 143
  49. Deficiency of linoleic and linolenic acids in the body leads to the skin damage, hair loss, delayed wound healing, thrombocytopenia, low resistance to infections. These… KROK 1 2013 – Question 144
  50. A 67-year-old male patient consumes eggs, pork fat, butter, milk and meat. Blood test results: cholesterol - 12,3 mmol/l, total lipids - 8,2 g/l, increased low-density… KROK 1 2013 – Question 148

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