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KROK (Medicine) questions: Pathophysiology — page 5

465 questions in Pathophysiology. Open a question to see the answer options and a hint.

  1. A 59-year-old woman has been hospitalized in a surgical ward due to exacerbation of chronic osteomyelitis of the left shin. Blood test: leukocytes - 15,0 · 10⁹/l… KROK 1 2016 – Question 45
  2. A 41-year-old man has a history of recurrent attacks of heartbeats (paroxysms), profuse sweating, headaches. Examination revealed hypertension, hyperglycemia, increased… KROK 1 2016 – Question 46
  3. A 12-year-old child developed nephritic syndrome (proteinuria, hematuria, cylindruria) 2 weeks after a case of tonsillitis, which is a sign of affected glomerular… KROK 1 2016 – Question 48
  4. A patient with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus has been administered insulin. After a certain period of time the patient developed fatigue, irritability, excessive… KROK 1 2016 – Question 62
  5. Examination of a 52-year-old woman has revealed a decrease in the amount of red blood cells and an increase in free hemoglobin in the blood plasma (hemoglobinemia)… KROK 1 2016 – Question 63
  6. Poisoning caused by mercury (II) chloride (corrosive sublimate) occurred in the result of safety rules violation. In 2 days the patient’s diurnal diuresis was 620 ml… KROK 1 2016 – Question 64
  7. Development of both immune and allergic reactions is based upon the same mechanisms of immune system response to an antigen. What is the main difference between immune… KROK 1 2016 – Question 70
  8. An unconscious young man in the state of morphine intoxication has been delivered into an admission room. The patient’s respiration is slow and shallow due to… KROK 1 2016 – Question 77
  9. Cellular composition of exudate largely depends on the etiological factor of inflammation. What leukocytes are the first to be involved in the focus of inflammation… KROK 1 2016 – Question 101
  10. A patient has insufficient blood supply to the kidneys, which caused the development of pressor effect due to the constriction of arterial resistance vessels. This is… KROK 1 2016 – Question 105
  11. A 67 year old patient complains of periodic heart ache, dyspnea during light physical activities. ECG reveals extraordinary contractions of heart ventricles. Such… KROK 1 2016 – Question 114
  12. A 60-year-old man suffering from chronic hepatitis frequently observes nasal and gingival hemorrhages, spontaneous hemorrhagic rashes on the skin and mucosa. Such… KROK 1 2016 – Question 123
  13. Leading symptoms of primary hyperparathyroidism are osteoporosis and renal damage resulting in urolithiasis development. What substances are the basis of uroliths in… KROK 1 2016 – Question 124
  14. Examination of a 56-year-old woman with a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus revealed a disorder of protein metabolism that is manifested by aminoacidemia in the… KROK 1 2016 – Question 132
  15. A man has suffered multiple bone fractures of his lower extremities during a traffic accident. During transportation to a hospital his condition was further aggravated… KROK 1 2016 – Question 135
  16. A woman resting in the countryside has been stung by a bee. Immediately after she developed pain in the stung area. In a few minutes there developed a vesicle, erythema… KROK 1 2016 – Question 138
  17. When ascending to the top of Elbrus, a mountain climber experiences oxygen starvation, dyspnea, palpitations, and numbness of the extremities. What kind of hypoxia has… KROK 1 2016 – Question 140
  18. A 62-year-old patient has been hospitalized due to massive cerebral hemorrhage. Blood pressure is 70/30 mm Hg, heart rate is 120/min., respiratory rate is 4/min… KROK 1 2016 – Question 142
  19. What condition may develop 15-30 minutes after re-administration of an antigen as a result of the increased level of antibodies, mainly IgE, that are adsorbed on the… KROK 1 2016 – Question 144
  20. After a road accident a victim has tachycardia, arterial blood pressure 130/90 mm Hg, tachypnoe, the skin is pale and dry, excitation of central nervous system is… KROK 1 2016 – Question 146
  21. A patient with signs of osteoporosis and urolithiasis has been admitted to an endocrinology department. Blood test revealed hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia. These… KROK 1 2016 – Question 156
  22. A 30-year-old woman exhibits signs of virilism (growth of body hair, balding temples, menstrual disorders). This condition can be caused by overproduction of the… KROK 1 2016 – Question 158
  23. A 30-year-old patient’s blood test has revealed the following: erythrocyte count is 6 · 10¹²/l, hemoglobin is 10,55 mmol/l. Vaquez’s disease was diagnosed. Name the… KROK 1 2016 – Question 170
  24. This year influenza epidemic is characterised by patients’ body temperature varying from 36.9 °C to 37.9 °C. Such fever is called: KROK 1 2016 – Question 172
  25. A woman complains of visual impairment. Examination revealed obesity in the patient and her fasting plasma glucose level is hyperglycemic. What diabetes complication… KROK 1 2016 – Question 174
  26. An athlete (long-distance runner) during a contest developed a case of acute cardiac insufficiency. This pathology resulted from: KROK 1 2016 – Question 180
  27. A patient with diabetes mellitus suffers from persistently nonhealing surgical wound, which is a sign of disrupted tissue trophism. What is the cause of such disorder? KROK 1 2016 – Question 190
  28. A patient is 20 years old, an athlete. He addressed a doctor with complaints of fatigue, fever up to 38°C - 40°C. Objectively: the liver and spleen are enlarged, lymph… KROK 1 2016 – Question 194
  29. 30 minutes after drinking mango juice a child suddenly developed a local swelling in the area of the soft palate, which impeded swallowing and, eventually, respiration… KROK 1 2016 – Question 197
  30. A patient with chronic heart failure presents with increased blood viscosity. Capillaroscopy detected damage to the vessel walls of the microcirculation system. What… KROK 1 2017 – Question 13
  31. A 3-year-old boy with pronounced hemorrhagic syndrome has no antihemophilic globulin A (factor VIII) in the blood plasma. Hemostasis has been impaired at the following… KROK 1 2017 – Question 14
  32. A 63-year-old man suffers from esophageal carcinoma, presents with metastases into the mediastinal lymph nodes and cancerous cachexia. What pathogenetic stage of… KROK 1 2017 – Question 19
  33. A 30-year-old man complains of suffocation, heaviness in the chest on the right, general weakness. Body temperature is 38,9°C. Objectively the right side of the chest… KROK 1 2017 – Question 34
  34. During removal of the hyperplastic thyroid gland of a 47-year-old woman, the parathyroid gland was damaged. One month after the surgery the patient developed signs of… KROK 1 2017 – Question 42
  35. On examination the patient presents with hirsutism, moon-shaped face, stretch marks on the abdomen. BP is 190/100 mm Hg, blood glucose is 17,6 mmol/l. What pathology is… KROK 1 2017 – Question 43
  36. After pancreatic surgery the patient developed hemorrhagic syndrome with disturbed 3rd stage of blood clotting. What will be the most likely mechanism of the hemostatic… KROK 1 2017 – Question 52
  37. A woman, who has been suffering from marked hypertension for 15 years, has lately developed dyspnea, palpitations, slightly decreased systolic pressure, while diastolic… KROK 1 2017 – Question 57
  38. To lose some weight a woman has been limiting the amount of products in her diet. 3 months later she developed edemas and her diuresis increased. What dietary component… KROK 1 2017 – Question 66
  39. A patient, who has been suffering from bronchial asthma for a long time, developed acute respiratory failure. What is the main mechanism of pathology development in… KROK 1 2017 – Question 70
  40. Poisoning caused by mercury (II) chloride (corrosive sublimate) occurred in the result of safety rules violation. In 2 days the patient’s diurnal diuresis became 620… KROK 1 2017 – Question 76
  41. A 38-year-old man, who has been suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus for 3 years, developed diffuse renal lesions accompanied by massive edemas, marked… KROK 1 2017 – Question 81
  42. A patient with pneumonia has body temperature of 39,2°C. What cells are the main producers of endogenous pyrogen that had caused such temperature rise? KROK 1 2017 – Question 124
  43. A patient with obliterating atherosclerosis has undergone sympathectomy of the femoral artery in the area of femoral triangle. What type of arterial hyperemia was… KROK 1 2017 – Question 138
  44. Examination of a 56-year-old woman with a history of type 1 diabetes revealed a disorder of protein metabolism that is manifested by aminoacidemia in the laboratory… KROK 1 2017 – Question 146
  45. A 54-year-old woman was brought to the emergency department after a car accident. A traumatologist diagnosed her with multiple fractures of the lower extremities. What… KROK 1 2017 – Question 164
  46. A 30-year-old man with diabetes mellitus type I was hospitalized. The patient is comatose. Laboratory tests revealed hyperglycemia and ketonemia. What metabolic… KROK 1 2017 – Question 165
  47. A 30-year-old woman developed the signs of virilism (body hair growth, balding temples, disturbed menstrual cycle). What hormone can cause this condition when… KROK 1 2017 – Question 168
  48. After a severe stress the patient presents with eosinopenia in the blood test. In this case the decreased number of eosinophils can explain changes in the level of the… KROK 1 2017 – Question 172
  49. A 30-year-old patient’s blood test revealed the following: erythrocyte count is 6 · 10¹² /l, hemoglobin is 10,55 mmol/l. Vaquez’s disease was diagnosed. Name the… KROK 1 2017 – Question 173
  50. A 50-year-old inpatient during examination presents with glucosuria and blood glucose of 3,0 mmol/l, which are the most likely to be caused by: KROK 1 2017 – Question 177

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