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KROK (Medicine) questions: Pathophysiology — page 4

465 questions in Pathophysiology. Open a question to see the answer options and a hint.

  1. A 43-year-old-patient has arterial hypertension caused by an increase in cardiac output and general peripheral resistance. Specify the variant of hemodynamic… KROK 1 2014 – Question 39
  2. Examination of a 52-year-old female patient has revealed a decrease in the amount of red blood cells and an increase in free hemoglobin in the blood plasma… KROK 1 2014 – Question 42
  3. The development of both immune and allergic reactions is based upon the same mechanisms of the immune system response to an antigen. What is the main difference between… KROK 1 2014 – Question 45
  4. In a patient elevation of body temperature takes turns with drops down to normal levels during the day. The rise in temperature is observed periodically once in four… KROK 1 2014 – Question 50
  5. Diabetic nephropathy with uremia has developed in a patient with pancreatic diabetes. The velocity of glomerular filtration is 9 ml/min. What mechanism of a decrease in… KROK 1 2014 – Question 52
  6. A patient is diagnosed with hereditary coagulopathy that is characterised by factor VIII deficiency. Specify the phase of blood clotting during which coagulation will… KROK 1 2014 – Question 54
  7. A 37-year-old female patient complains of headache, vertigo, troubled sleep, numbness of limbs. For the last 6 years she has been working at the gas-discharge… KROK 1 2014 – Question 66
  8. A patient has insufficient blood supply to the kidneys, which has caused the development of pressor effect due to the constriction of arterial resistance vessels. This… KROK 1 2014 – Question 79
  9. A patient is diagnosed with iron-deficiency sideroachrestic anemia, progression of which is characterised by skin hyperpigmentation, pigmentary cirrhosis, heart and… KROK 1 2014 – Question 80
  10. During blood transfusion a patient has developed intravascular erythrocyte hemolysis. What kind of hypersensitivity does the patient have? KROK 1 2014 – Question 106
  11. Examination of a 56-year-old female patient with a history of type 1 diabetes revealed a disorder of protein metabolism that is manifested by aminoacidemia in the… KROK 1 2014 – Question 117
  12. The resuscitation unit has admitted a patient in grave condition. It is known that he had mistakenly taken sodium fluoride which blocks cytochrome oxidase. What type of… KROK 1 2014 – Question 147
  13. A patient has severe blood loss caused by an injury. What kind of dehydration will be observed in this particular case? KROK 1 2014 – Question 151
  14. A 30-year-old patient has dyspnea fits, mostly at night. He has been diagnosed with bronchial asthma. What type of allergic reaction according to the Gell-Coombs… KROK 1 2014 – Question 152
  15. After a road accident a victim has tachycardia, arterial blood pressure 130/90 mm Hg, tachypnoe, the skin is pale and dry, excitation of central nervous system is… KROK 1 2014 – Question 156
  16. A patient has acute bronchitis. The fever up to 38.5 °C had lasted for a week, presently there is a decrease in temperature down to 37.0 °C. Specify the leading… KROK 1 2014 – Question 165
  17. A 54-year-old female was brought to the casualty department after a car accident. A traumatologist diagnosed her with multiple fractures of the lower extremities. What… KROK 1 2014 – Question 170
  18. A public utility specialist went down into a sewer well without protection and after a while lost consciousness. Ambulance doctors diagnosed him with hydrogen sulfide… KROK 1 2014 – Question 180
  19. A 41-year-old man has a history of recurrent attacks of heartbeats (paroxysms), profuse sweating, headaches. Examination revealed hypertension, hyperglycemia, increased… KROK 1 2015 – Question 34
  20. A 12-year-old child has developed nephritic syndrome (proteinuria, hematuria, cylindruria) 2 weeks after the case of tonsillitis, which is a sign of affected glomerular… KROK 1 2015 – Question 35
  21. Several minutes after a dentist administered novocaine for local anaesthesia of a patient’s tooth, the following symptoms sharply developed in the patient: fatigue… KROK 1 2015 – Question 36
  22. A 43-year-old-patient has arterial hypertension caused by increase in cardiac output and general peripheral resistance. Specify the variant of hemodynamic development… KROK 1 2015 – Question 45
  23. Poisoning caused by mercury (II) chloride (corrosive sublimate) occurred in the result of safety rules violation. In 2 days the patient’s diurnal diuresis became 620… KROK 1 2015 – Question 51
  24. A patient suffers from intermittent fevers and normalizations of body temperature that occur during the day. The temperature rise is observed regularly every fourth… KROK 1 2015 – Question 58
  25. A patient is diagnosed with hereditary coagulopathy that is characterised by factor VIII deficiency. Specify the phase of blood clotting during which coagulation will… KROK 1 2015 – Question 60
  26. An infant has pylorospasm, weakness, hypodynamia, convulsions as a result of frequent vomiting. What kind of acid-base disbalance is it? KROK 1 2015 – Question 65
  27. A 37-year-old woman complains of headache, vertigo, troubled sleep, numbness of limbs. For the last 6 years she has been working at a gas-discharge lamp-producing… KROK 1 2015 – Question 70
  28. A patient has insufficient blood supply to the kidneys, which has caused the development of pressor effect due to constriction of arterial resistance vessels. This… KROK 1 2015 – Question 80
  29. According to the results of glucose tolerance test a patient has no disorder of carbohydrate tolerance. Despite that glucose is detected in the patients’s urine (5… KROK 1 2015 – Question 83
  30. Examination of a 42 year old patient revealed a tumour of adenohypophysis. Objectively: the patient’s weight is 117 kg, he has moon-like hyperemic face, red-blue striae… KROK 1 2015 – Question 86
  31. A patient has been diagnosed with influenza. His condition drastically worsened after taking antipyretic drugs. He is unconscious, AP is 80/50 mm Hg, Ps is 140/min… KROK 1 2015 – Question 106
  32. During blood transfusion a patient has developed intravascular erythrocyte hemolysis. What kind of hypersensitivity does the patient have? KROK 1 2015 – Question 108
  33. After a road accident a victim has tachycardia, arterial blood pressure 130/90 mm Hg, tachypnoe, the skin is pale and dry, excitation of central nervous system is… KROK 1 2015 – Question 127
  34. A 54-year-old woman was brought to a casualty department after a car accident. A traumatologist diagnosed her with multiple fractures of the lower extremities. What… KROK 1 2015 – Question 131
  35. A 30-year-old man with diabetes mellitus type I was hospitalised. The patient is comatose. Laboratory tests revealed hyperglycemia and ketonemia. What metabolic… KROK 1 2015 – Question 133
  36. A 15-year-old patient has fasting plasma glucose level 4,8 mmol/l, one hour after glucose challenge it becomes 9,0 mmol/l, in 2 hours it is 7,0 mmol/l, in 3 hours it is… KROK 1 2015 – Question 134
  37. A 43-year-old patient suffers from acute pancreatitis with disrupted common bile duct patency. What condition can develop in this case? KROK 1 2015 – Question 144
  38. A 30-year-old patient’s blood test revealed the following: erythrocyte count is 6 · 10¹²/l, hemoglobin is 10,55 mmol/l. Vaquez’s disease was diagnosed. Name the leading… KROK 1 2015 – Question 153
  39. A 25-year-old patient complains of increasing pain in his leg muscles occurring during walking and forcing him to make frequent stops. Objectively: skin of legs is… KROK 1 2015 – Question 154
  40. This year influenza epidemic is characterised by patients’ body temperature varying from 36.9 °C to 37.9 °C. Such fever is called: KROK 1 2015 – Question 155
  41. A woman complains of visual impairment. Examination revealed obesity in the patient and her fasting plasma glucose level is hyperglycemic. What diabetes complication… KROK 1 2015 – Question 156
  42. A 3-year-old child has eaten some strawberries. Soon he developed a rash and itching. What was found in the child’s leukogram? KROK 1 2015 – Question 158
  43. A patient is diagnosed with chronic atrophic gastritis attended by deficiency of Castle’s intrinsic factor. What type of anemia does the patient have? KROK 1 2015 – Question 164
  44. A 50-year-old man, who has been suffering from chronic hepatic failure for several years, has developed ascites. What is the main mechanism of this disorder development? KROK 1 2015 – Question 167
  45. A 30-year-old man has sustained an injury to his thorax in a traffic incident, which caused disruption of his external respiration. What type of ventilatory difficulty… KROK 1 2015 – Question 168
  46. A patient visited a dentist to extract a tooth. After the tooth had been extracted, bleeding from the tooth socket continued for 15 minutes. Anamnesis states that the… KROK 1 2015 – Question 175
  47. A 27-year-old patient with injury to the neck has lost approximately 30% of the blood volume. The patient’s condition is severe: blood pressure is 60/40 mm Hg, heart… KROK 1 2015 – Question 184
  48. A patient suffers from disrupted patency of the airways at the level of small and medium-sized bronchial tubes. What changes of acid-base balance can occur in the… KROK 1 2016 – Question 8
  49. Upon toxic damage of hepatic cells resulting in disruption of liver function the patient developed edemas. What changes of blood plasma are the main cause of edema… KROK 1 2016 – Question 9
  50. A patient with hypertension has developed headache, tinnitus, vomiting, high BP up to 220/160 mm Hg. On examination: facial asymmetry on the right, volitional mobility… KROK 1 2016 – Question 33

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