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KROK (Medicine) questions: Pathophysiology — page 3

465 questions in Pathophysiology. Open a question to see the answer options and a hint.

  1. After a serious psychoemotional stress a 48 year old patient suddenly developed acute heart ache irradiating to the left arm. Nitroglycerine relieved pain after 10… KROK 1 2012 – Question 91
  2. A 56 year old patient suffering from cardiac insufficiency has edema of feet and shins, edematous skin is pale and cold. What is the leading mechanism of edema… KROK 1 2012 – Question 93
  3. A disaster fighter at a nuclear power plant developed hemorrhagic syndrome on the background of acute radiation disease. What is the most important factor of syndrome… KROK 1 2012 – Question 94
  4. The patient with acute myocardial infarction was given intravenously different solutions during 8 hours with medical dropper 1500 ml and oxygen intranasally. He died… KROK 1 2012 – Question 108
  5. A patient has been diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis that developed after he had had streptococcal infection. It is most likely that the affection of basal… KROK 1 2012 – Question 115
  6. An infant has pylorospasm, weakness, hypodynamia, convulsions as a result of frequent vomiting. What kind of acid-base disbalance is it? KROK 1 2012 – Question 124
  7. During influenza epidemic 40% of pupils who didn’t go in for sports were affected by the disease, and among the pupils who regularly did physical exercises this index… KROK 1 2012 – Question 125
  8. A 49 year old woman spent a lot of time standing. As a result of it she got leg edema. What is the most likely cause of the edema? KROK 1 2012 – Question 130
  9. Blood test of a patient suffering from atrophic gastritis gave the following results: RBCs - 2,0 · 10¹²/l, Hb- 87 g/l, colour index - 1,3, WBCs - 4,0 · 10⁹/l… KROK 1 2012 – Question 132
  10. As a result of a road accident a 26-year-old man is in the torpid phase of shock. Blood count: leukocytes - 3,2 · 10⁹/l. What is the leading mechanism of leukopenia… KROK 1 2012 – Question 142
  11. A 5-month-old boy was hospitalized for tonic convulsions. He has a lifetime history of this disease. Examination revealed coarse hair, thinned and fragile nails, pale… KROK 1 2012 – Question 143
  12. As a result of a trauma a patient has developed traumatic shock that led to the following disorders: AP is 140/90 mm Hg, Ps is 120 bpm. The patient is fussy, talkative… KROK 1 2012 – Question 144
  13. Examination of a 42 year old patient revealed a tumour of adenohypophysis. Objectively: the patient’s weight is 117 kg, he has moon-like hyperemic face, red-blue striae… KROK 1 2012 – Question 159
  14. A 67 year old patient complains of periodic heart ache, dyspnea during light physical activities. ECG reveals extraordinary contractions of heart ventricles. Such… KROK 1 2012 – Question 167
  15. Toxic affection of liver results in dysfunction of protein synthesis. It is usually accompanied by the following kind of dysproteinemia: KROK 1 2012 – Question 176
  16. A child is pale, pastose, muscular tissue is bad developed, lymph nodes are enlarged. He often suffers from angina and pharyngitis, blood has signs of lymphocytosis… KROK 1 2012 – Question 186
  17. A 26 year old pregnant woman is under treatment at an in-patient hospital. After a continuous attack of vomiting she was found to have reduced volume of circulating… KROK 1 2012 – Question 187
  18. After taking poor-quality food a patient developed repeated episodes of diarrhea. On the next day he presented with decreased arterial pressure, tachycardia… KROK 1 2012 – Question 194
  19. A patient has been diagnosed with influenza. His condition became drastically worse after taking antipyretic drugs. His consciousness is confused, AP is 80/50 mm Hg, Ps… KROK 1 2012 – Question 195
  20. A 3-year-old boy with pronounced hemorrhagic syndrome doesn’t have antihemophilic globulin A (factor VIII) in the blood plasma. Hemostasis has been impaired at the… KROK 1 2013 – Question 9
  21. A patient got a gunshot wound of hip which damaged the sciatic nerve. Any impact on the affected limb causes severe, excruciating pain. What mechanism of pain is most… KROK 1 2013 – Question 10
  22. A patient with bronchial asthma has developed acute respiratory failure. What kind of respiratory failure occurs in this case? KROK 1 2013 – Question 12
  23. On the fifth day after the acute blood loss a patient has been diagnosed with hypochromic anemia. What is the main mechanism of hypochromia development? KROK 1 2013 – Question 13
  24. A patient with diabetes developed a diabetic coma due to the acid-base imbalance. Specify the kind of this imbalance: KROK 1 2013 – Question 14
  25. A 38-year-old female patient complains of general weakness, cardiac pain, increased appetite, no menstruation. Objectively: the height is 166 cm, weight 108 kg, the… KROK 1 2013 – Question 30
  26. Measurements of the arterial pCO2 and pO2 during an attack of bronchial asthma revealed hypercapnia and hypoxemia respectively. What kind of hypoxia occurred in this… KROK 1 2013 – Question 32
  27. A patient with respiratory failure has blood pH of 7,35. pCO2 test revealed hypercapnia. Urine pH test revealed an increase in the urine acidity. What form of acid-base… KROK 1 2013 – Question 36
  28. A 12-year-old patient has been admitted to a hospital for hemarthrosis of the knee joint. From early childhood he suffers from frequent bleedings. Diagnose the boy’s… KROK 1 2013 – Question 47
  29. A patient with lobar pneumonia has had body temperature of 39°C with daily temperature fluctuation of no more than 1°C for 9 days. This fever can be characterized by… KROK 1 2013 – Question 50
  30. A patient with extensive burns of torso skin exhibits signs of severe intoxication. What stage of the burn disease is this typical for? KROK 1 2013 – Question 75
  31. A patient with a pathology of the cardiovascular system developed edemata of the lower extremities. What is the mechanism of cardiac edema development? KROK 1 2013 – Question 91
  32. A male patient has been diagnosed with acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. It is most likely that the lesion of the basement membrane of renal corpuscles was… KROK 1 2013 – Question 97
  33. The cellular composition of exudate largely depends on the etiological factor of inflammation. What leukocytes are the first to get into the focus of inflammation… KROK 1 2013 – Question 101
  34. At the end of the working day a worker of a hot work shop has been delivered to a hospital. The patient complains of a headache, dizziness, nausea, general weakness… KROK 1 2013 – Question 102
  35. A 35-year-old male developed acute heart failure while running for a long time. What changes in the ionic composition can be observed in the cardiac muscle? KROK 1 2013 – Question 104
  36. Analysis of the ECG revealed the missing of several PQRST cycles. The remaining waves and complexes are not changed. Specify the type of arrhythmia: KROK 1 2013 – Question 128
  37. 10 days after having quinsy caused by beta-hemolytic streptococcus a 6-year-old child exhibited symptoms of glomerulonephritis. What mechanism of glomerular lesion is… KROK 1 2013 – Question 156
  38. A 22-year-old woman ate some seafood. 5 hours later the trunk and the distal parts of limbs got covered with small itchy papules which were partially fused together… KROK 1 2013 – Question 157
  39. A hypertensive patient had been keeping to a salt-free diet and taking antihypertensive drugs together with hydrochlorothiazide for a long time. This resulted in… KROK 1 2013 – Question 158
  40. In a car accident a man got injured and lost a lot of blood. What changes in peripheral blood are most likely to occur on the 2nd day after the injury? KROK 1 2013 – Question 161
  41. A 54-year-old female was brought to the casualty department after a car accident. A traumatologist diagnosed her with multiple fractures of the lower extremities. What… KROK 1 2013 – Question 172
  42. After the prolonged vomiting a pregnant 26-year-old woman was found to have the reduced volume of circulating blood. What change in the total blood volume can be the… KROK 1 2013 – Question 177
  43. A patient with signs of osteoporosis and urolithiasis has been admitted to the endocrinology department. Blood test revealed hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia. These… KROK 1 2013 – Question 180
  44. A 30-year-old female exhibits signs of virilism (growth of body hair, balding temples, menstrual disorders). This condition can be caused by the overproduction of the… KROK 1 2013 – Question 182
  45. A patient with extensive myocardial infarction has developed heart failure. What pathogenetic mechanism contributed to the development of heart failure in the patient? KROK 1 2013 – Question 184
  46. A patient with constant headaches, pain in the occipital region, tinnitus, dizziness has been admitted to the cardiology department. Objectively: AP- 180/110 mm Hg… KROK 1 2013 – Question 189
  47. A female patient complains of vision impairment. On examination she was found to have obesity, fasting hyperglycemia. What complication of diabetes can cause vision… KROK 1 2013 – Question 196
  48. A 3-year-old child had eaten some strawberries. Soon he developed a rash and itching. What was found in the child’s leukogram? KROK 1 2013 – Question 199
  49. Feces of a patient contain high amount of undissociated fats and have grayish-white color. Specify the cause of this phenomenon: KROK 1 2014 – Question 20
  50. A 41-year-old male patient has a history of recurrent attacks of heartbeats (paroxysms), profuse sweating, headaches. Examination revealed hypertension, hyperglycemia… KROK 1 2014 – Question 28

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