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KROK (Medicine) questions: Pathophysiology — page 9

465 questions in Pathophysiology. Open a question to see the answer options and a hint.

  1. A 44 year old woman complains of general weakness, heart pain, significant increase of body weight. Objectively: moon face, hirsutism, AP is 165/100 mm Hg, height - 164… KROK 1 2008 – Question 36
  2. 2 years ago a patient underwent resection of pyloric part of stomach. He complains of weakness, periodical dark shadows beneath his eyes, dyspnea. In blood: Hb - 70… KROK 1 2008 – Question 38
  3. An animal with aortic valve insufficiency got hypertrophy of its left heart ventricle. Some of its parts have local contractures. What substance accumulated in the… KROK 1 2008 – Question 56
  4. A girl is diagnosed with adrenogenital syndrome (pseudohermaphroditism). This pathology was caused by hypersecretion of the following adrenal hormone: KROK 1 2008 – Question 57
  5. Prophylactic medical examination of a 36 year old driver revealed that his AP was 150/90 mm Hg. At the end of working day he usually hears ear noise, feels slight… KROK 1 2008 – Question 63
  6. A 59 year old patient is a plant manager. After the tax inspection of his plant he felt intense pain behind his breastbone irradiating to his left arm. 15 minutes later… KROK 1 2008 – Question 74
  7. A 56 year old patient came to a hospital with complaints about general weakness, tongue pain and burning, sensation of limb numbness. In the past he underwent resection… KROK 1 2008 – Question 76
  8. A chemical burn caused esophagus stenosis. Difficulty of ingestion led to the abrupt loss of weight. In blood: erythrocytes - 3.0 · 10¹²/l, Hb - 106 g/l, crude protein… KROK 1 2008 – Question 81
  9. A 30 year old woman has face edemata. Examination revealed proteinuria (5,87 g/l), hypoproteinemia, dysproteinemia, hyperlipidemia. What condition is the set of these… KROK 1 2008 – Question 82
  10. A patient has a decreased vasopressin synthesis that causes polyuria and as a result of it evident organism dehydratation. What is the mechanism of polyuria development? KROK 1 2008 – Question 85
  11. A patient with nephrotic syndrome has massive edemata of his face and limbs. What is the leading pathogenetic mechanism of edemata development? KROK 1 2008 – Question 86
  12. An unconscious young man with signs of morphine poisoning entered admission office. His respiration is shallow and infrequent which is caused by inhibition of… KROK 1 2008 – Question 88
  13. A patient is 44 years old. Laboratory examination of his blood revealed that content of proteins in plasma was 40 g/l. What influence will be exerted on the… KROK 1 2008 – Question 90
  14. Examination of a man who had been working hard under higher temperature of the environment revealed abnormal quantity of blood plasma proteins. What phenomenon is the… KROK 1 2008 – Question 95
  15. A 28 year old man had a gunshot wound of shin that resulted in an ulcer from the side of the injury. What is the main factor of neurodystrophy pathogenesis in this case? KROK 1 2008 – Question 100
  16. Packed cell volume of a man was 40% before the trauma. What packed cell volume will be observed 24 hours after blood loss of 750 ml? KROK 1 2008 – Question 103
  17. Two hours after an exam a student had a blood count done and it was revealed that he had leukocytosis without significant leukogram modifications. What is the most… KROK 1 2008 – Question 104
  18. A patient being treated for viral hepatitis type B got symptoms of hepatic insufficiency. What blood changes indicative of protein metabolism disorder will be observed… KROK 1 2008 – Question 109
  19. There are several groups of molecular mechanisms playing important part in pathogenesis of insult to cells which contributes to the pathology development. What… KROK 1 2008 – Question 121
  20. A 16 year old boy after an illness has diminished function of protein synthesis in liver as a result of vitamin K deficiency. It will cause disturbance of: KROK 1 2008 – Question 123
  21. A driver who got a trauma in a road accident and is shocked has reduction of daily urinary output down to 300 ml. What is the main pathogenetic factor of such diuresis… KROK 1 2008 – Question 125
  22. A patient was diagnosed with autoimmune hemolytic cytotoxic anemia. What substances are antigens in II type allergic reactions? KROK 1 2008 – Question 128
  23. In course of a preventive examination of a miner a doctor revealed changes of cardiovascular fitness which was indicative of cardiac insufficiency at the compensation… KROK 1 2008 – Question 135
  24. Parents of a 3 year old child have been giving him antibiotics with purpose of preventing enteric infections for a long time. A month later the child’s condition… KROK 1 2008 – Question 151
  25. A patient ill with enteritis accompanied by massive diarrhea has low water rate in the extracellular space, high water rate inside the cells and low blood osmolarity… KROK 1 2008 – Question 157
  26. A patient ill with essential arterial hypertension had a hypertensic crisis that resulted in an attack of cardiac asthma. What is the leading mechanism of cardiac… KROK 1 2008 – Question 168
  27. Rats being under stress have muscular hypertonia and high arterial pressure, high glucose concentration in blood and intensified secretion of corticotropin and… KROK 1 2008 – Question 171
  28. A 45 year old woman is ill with breast cancer. Her left arm has symptoms of lymphatic system insufficiency - limb edema, lymph node enlargement. What form of lymphatic… KROK 1 2008 – Question 176
  29. A 26 year old man is in the torpid shock phase as a result of a car accident. In blood: leukocytes 3.2 · 10⁹/l. What is the leading mechanism of leukopenia development? KROK 1 2008 – Question 181
  30. A 4 y.o. child with signs of durative proteinic starvation was admitted to the hospital. The signs were as follows: growth inhibition, anemia, edemata, mental… KROK 1 2007 – Question 6
  31. Analysis of blood serum of a patient revealed increase of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase level. What cytological changes can cause such a… KROK 1 2007 – Question 9
  32. A patient was delivered to the hospital by an emergency team. Objectively: grave condition, unconscious, adynamy. Cutaneous surfaces are dry, eyes are sunken, face is… KROK 1 2007 – Question 28
  33. A 62 y.o. woman complains of frequent pains in the area of her chest and backbone, rib fractures. A doctor assumed myelomatosis (plasmocytoma). What of the following… KROK 1 2007 – Question 29
  34. Having helped to eliminate consequences of a failure at a nuclear power plant, a worker got an irradiation dose of 500 roentgen. He complains of headache, nausea… KROK 1 2007 – Question 31
  35. A 12 y.o. boy who suffers from bronchial asthma has an acute attack of asthma: evident expiratory dyspnea, skin pallor. What type of alveolar ventilation disturbance is… KROK 1 2007 – Question 32
  36. A group of mountain climbers went through the blood analysis at the height of 3000 m. It revealed decrease of HCO3 to 15 mmol/l (standard is 22-26 mmol/l). What is the… KROK 1 2007 – Question 40
  37. A patient who suffers from pneumonia has high body temperature. What biologically active substance plays the leading part in origin of this phenomenon? KROK 1 2007 – Question 53
  38. A 2 y.o. child has convulsions as a result of lowered concentration of calcium ions in blood plasma. It is caused by reduced function of: KROK 1 2007 – Question 56
  39. Inflammation of a patient’s eye was accompanied by accumulation of turbid liquid with high protein at the bottom of anterior chamber that was called hypopyon. What… KROK 1 2007 – Question 57
  40. A 48 y.o. patient was admitted to the hospital with complaints about weakness, irritability, sleep disturbance. Objectively: skin and scleras are yellow. In blood… KROK 1 2007 – Question 59
  41. Parents of a 10 y.o. boy consulted a doctor about extension of hair-covering, growth of beard and moustache, low voice. Intensified secretion of which hormone must be… KROK 1 2007 – Question 63
  42. A patient who suffers from severe disorder of water-salt metabolism experienced cardiac arrest in diastole. What is the most probable mechanism of cardiac arrest in… KROK 1 2007 – Question 64
  43. A patient who suffers from heart failure has enlarged liver, edemata of lower extremities, ascites. What is the leading mechanism in the development of this edema? KROK 1 2007 – Question 69
  44. Examination of a miner revealed pulmonary fibrosis accompanied by disturbance of alveolar ventilation. What is the main mechanism of this disturbance? KROK 1 2007 – Question 71
  45. A 49 y.o. woman consulted a doctor about heightened fatigue and dyspnea during physical activity. ECG: heart rate is 50/min, PQ is extended, QRS is unchanged, P wave… KROK 1 2007 – Question 78
  46. A woman has been applying a new cosmetic preparation for a week that resulted in eye-lid inflammation accompanied by hyperemia, infiltration and painfulness. What type… KROK 1 2007 – Question 82
  47. A patient is followed up in an endocrinological dispensary on account of hyperthyreosis. Weight loss, tachycardia, finger tremor are accompanied by hypoxia symptoms… KROK 1 2007 – Question 84
  48. A 40 y.o. patient complains of intensive heartbeats, sweating, nausea, vision impairment, arm tremor, hypertension. From his anamnesis: 2 years ago he was diagnosed… KROK 1 2007 – Question 92
  49. A 56 y.o. patient has been suffering from thyreotoxicosis for a long time. What type of hypoxia can be developed? KROK 1 2007 – Question 93
  50. A patient has extrasystole. ECG shows no P wave, QRS complex is deformed, there is a full compensatory pause. What extrasystoles are these? KROK 1 2007 – Question 96

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