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KROK (Medicine) questions: Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology

281 questions in Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology. Open a question to see the answer options and a hint.

  1. Quite often the cause of secondary immunodeficiency is an infection involvement, when the causative agents propagate directly in the cells of immune system and destroy… KROK 1 2009 – Question 4
  2. While studying a microslide obtained from the punctuate of a regional lymph node and stained by Romanovsky-Giemsa method a physician revealed some light-pink thin… KROK 1 2009 – Question 9
  3. Sanitary bacteriological research on water by the membrane filter method revealed two red colonies on a membrane filter (Endo agar) through which 500 ml of analyzed… KROK 1 2009 – Question 10
  4. While examining a patient an otolaryngologist noticed hyperaemia and significantly edematous tonsils with a grayish film upon them. Microscopical examination of this… KROK 1 2009 – Question 11
  5. Bacteriological examination of purulent discharges from the urethra revealed gram-negative bacteria looking like coffee beans. They were localized in the leukocytes and… KROK 1 2009 – Question 18
  6. Study of bacteriological sputum specimens stained by the Ziehl-Neelsen method revealed some bright-red acid-resistant bacilli that were found in groups or singularly… KROK 1 2009 – Question 31
  7. In a 2-year-old child with catarrhal presentations and skin rash a pediatrician suspected scarlet fever. The child was given intracutaneously a small dose of serum… KROK 1 2009 – Question 33
  8. A man died from an acute infectious disease accompanied by fever, jaundice, haemorrhagic rash on the skin and mucous membranes as well as by acute renal insufficiency… KROK 1 2009 – Question 49
  9. A bacteriological laboratory has received smears from the sputum of a patient with a chronic pulmonary disease. Microscopical examination of the smears stained by the… KROK 1 2009 – Question 75
  10. Retrospective diagnostics of bacterial dysentery involved serological analysis of blood serum intended for determination of Shigella antibody titre. Which of the… KROK 1 2009 – Question 101
  11. A 10-year-old child had the mantoux tuberculin test administered. 48 hours later a papule up to 8 mm in diameter appeared on the site of the injection. What type of… KROK 1 2009 – Question 114
  12. A patient with clinical presentations of immunodeficiency has undergone immunological tests. They revealed significant decrease in number of cells that form rosettes… KROK 1 2009 – Question 117
  13. During the regular sanitary-epidemiological inspection of a pharmacy, the bacteriological analysis of air was performed. The air was found to have bacilli, yeast fungi… KROK 1 2009 – Question 171
  14. Following exposure to radiation a lot of mutant cells appeared in a patient. Some time later most of them were detected and destroyed by the following cells of the… KROK 1 2009 – Question 175
  15. A 65-year-old man has purulent abscess on his neck. Analyses revealed a culture of gram-positive cocci with plasmocoagulase activity. This culture relates most likely to: KROK 1 2009 – Question 176
  16. After inoculation of the material obtained from the pharynx of an angina patient onto the blood-tellurite agar, grey colonies could be observed. They were 4-5 mm in… KROK 1 2009 – Question 191
  17. Bacterioscopic examination of a smear from the pharynx of a diphtheria suspect revealed bacilli with volutine granules. What etiotropic drug should be chosen in this… KROK 1 2010 – Question 29
  18. Examination of a patient with pustular skin lesions allowed to isolate a causative agent that forms in the blood agar roundish yellow middle-sized colonies surrounded… KROK 1 2010 – Question 35
  19. In order to determine toxigenicity of diphtheria bacilli a strip of filter paper impregnated with antitoxic diphtherial serum was put on the dense nutrient medium… KROK 1 2010 – Question 46
  20. Clinical diagnosis of a female patient was gonorrhoea. What examination method can be applied for confirmation of this diagnosis? KROK 1 2010 – Question 52
  21. A patient suffering from periodical attacks caused by inhalation of different flavoring substances was diagnosed with atopic bronchial asthma. IgE level was increased… KROK 1 2010 – Question 59
  22. Researchers of a bacteriological laboratory examine tinned meat for botulinic toxin. For this purpose a group of mice was injected with an extract of the material under… KROK 1 2010 – Question 63
  23. During the repeated Widal’s agglutination test it was noticed that the ratio of antibody titers and O-antigens S. typhi in the patient’s serum had increased from 1:100… KROK 1 2010 – Question 67
  24. 48 hours after tuberculine test (Mantoux test) a child had a papule 10 mm in diameter on the spot of tuberculine injection. What hypersensitivity mechanism underlies… KROK 1 2010 – Question 69
  25. Among junior children of an orphanage an outbreak of intestinal infection with signs of colienteritis was registered. In order to identify isolated causative agent it… KROK 1 2010 – Question 99
  26. A virological laboratory obtained pathological material (mucous discharges from nasal meatuses) taken from a patient with provisional diagnosis "influenza". What quick… KROK 1 2010 – Question 102
  27. A 7 year old child often suffers from streptococcic angina. Doctor suspected development of rheumatism and administered serological examination. The provisional… KROK 1 2010 – Question 118
  28. A patient has been suffering from elevated temperature and attacks of typical cough for 10 days. Doctor administered inoculation of mucus from the patient’s nasopharynx… KROK 1 2010 – Question 121
  29. Examination of a child who frequently suffers from infectious diseases revealed that IgG concentration in blood serum was 10 times less than normal, IgA and IgM… KROK 1 2010 – Question 127
  30. A patient with skin mycosis has disorder of cellular immunity. The most typical characteristic of it is reduction of the following index: KROK 1 2010 – Question 145
  31. A female patient underwent liver transplantation. 1,5 month after it her condition became worse because of reaction of transplant rejection. What factor of immune… KROK 1 2010 – Question 153
  32. Microscopical examination of a microbial culture revealed fusiform spore-forming microorganisms that get violet-blue Gram’s stain. What microorganisms were revealed? KROK 1 2010 – Question 154
  33. A bacteriological laboratory received sputum sample of a patient suffering from tuberculosis. Bacterioscopic examination of smears and detection of tuberculosis… KROK 1 2010 – Question 155
  34. A patient in a transplantation centre underwent heart transplantation. The organ was taken from a donor who died in a road accident. Foreign heart can be rejected as a… KROK 1 2010 – Question 157
  35. Material taken from a patient with provisional diagnosis "influenza" was referred to a laboratory. For virological examination the hemadsorption reaction was applied… KROK 1 2010 – Question 164
  36. During examination of a patient a dentist revealed a lot of "white spots" - zones of enamel demineralization. What microorganisms take part in the development of this… KROK 1 2010 – Question 191
  37. Quite often the cause of secondary immunodeficiency is an infection involvement, when the causative agents propagate directly in the cells of immune system and destroy… KROK 1 2011 – Question 2
  38. Sanitary bacteriological research on water by the membrane filter method revealed two red colonies on a membrane filter (Endo agar) through which 500 ml of analyzed… KROK 1 2011 – Question 4
  39. A 55-year-old male patient was hospitalised to a surgical clinic for suspected septicemia. What material should be taken for analysis? KROK 1 2011 – Question 16
  40. During examination of a 6-year-old child a doctor revealed greyish films on the pharyngeal tonsils. Their removal provoked moderate haemorrhage. Bacterioscopy revealed… KROK 1 2011 – Question 18
  41. A man died from an acute infectious disease accompanied by fever, jaundice, haemorrhagic rash on the skin and mucous membranes as well as by acute renal insufficiency… KROK 1 2011 – Question 25
  42. Microscopic examination of a gram-stained scrape from a patient’s tongue revealed oval, round, elongated chains of dark-violet gemmating cells. What disease can be… KROK 1 2011 – Question 36
  43. In order to determine toxigenicity of diphtheria bacilli a strip of filter paper impregnated with antitoxic diphtherial serum was put on the dense nutrient medium… KROK 1 2011 – Question 44
  44. A 10-year-old child had the mantoux tuberculin test administered. 48 hours later a papule up to 8 mm in diameter appeared on the site of the injection. What type of… KROK 1 2011 – Question 85
  45. A culture of monkey cells (Vero) and a group of mouse sucklings were infected with an inoculum taken from a child with provisional diagnosis "enterovirus infection"… KROK 1 2011 – Question 124
  46. A male patient has been diagnosed with gastric ulcer. Bacteriological examination of biopsy material from the affected part of stomach revealed small colonies of… KROK 1 2011 – Question 129
  47. After an immunoassay a child was diagnosed with immunodeficiency of humoral immunity. What is the reason for the primary immunodeficiency development in the child? KROK 1 2011 – Question 136
  48. A three-year-old child has had marked diarrhea for three days. Immune electron microscopy of his excrements revealed bilayer pseudocovered capsid viruses that looked… KROK 1 2011 – Question 154
  49. A patient has food poisoning. Laboratory analysis revealed a culture of anaerobic gram-positive spore-forming bacteria. What is the most likely kind of the isolated… KROK 1 2011 – Question 158
  50. A pregnant woman was registered in an antenatal clinic and underwent complex examination for a number of infections. Blood serum contained IgM to the rubella virus… KROK 1 2011 – Question 162

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