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KROK (Medicine) questions: Histology, Cytology, and Embryology

171 questions in Histology, Cytology, and Embryology. Open a question to see the answer options and a hint.

  1. An electronic microphotograph shows a macrophagic cell with erythrocytes at different stages of differentiation located along its processes. This is the cell of the… KROK 1 2009 – Question 3
  2. A histological specimen presents a receptor zone of a sensoepithelial sense organ. Cells of this zone are placed upon the basal membrane and include the following… KROK 1 2009 – Question 43
  3. A patient was admitted to the hospital with an asphyxia attack provoked by a spasm of smooth muscles of the respiratory tracts. This attack was mainly caused by… KROK 1 2009 – Question 44
  4. A patient has been given high doses of hydrocortisone for a long time. This caused atrophy of one of the adrenal cortex zones. Which zone is it? KROK 1 2009 – Question 61
  5. In a histological specimen parenchyma of an organ is represented by lymphoid tissue that forms lymph nodes; the latter are arranged in a diffuse manner and enclose a… KROK 1 2009 – Question 66
  6. A histological specimen of a kidney shows a part of the distal tubule going between the afferent and efferent arteriole. The cells building the tubule wall have dense… KROK 1 2009 – Question 70
  7. A histological specimen shows a blood vessel. Its inner coat is composed by endothelium, subendothelium and internal elastic membrane. The middle coat is enriched with… KROK 1 2009 – Question 93
  8. A young man complains about urination disorder. Examination of the external genitals revealed that the urethra was split and urine could flow out of this orifice. What… KROK 1 2009 – Question 109
  9. In the pubertal period cells of the male sexual glands start producing the male sexual hormone testosterone that is responsible for formation of the secondary sexual… KROK 1 2009 – Question 123
  10. In an embryo the process of dorsal mesoderm segmentation and somite formation is disturbed. What part of skin will probably have developmental abnormalities? KROK 1 2009 – Question 148
  11. Life cycle of a cell includes a process of DNA autoreduplication. As a result of this process monochromatid chromosomes become bichromatid. This phenomenon is observed… KROK 1 2009 – Question 155
  12. A microspecimen of the submandibular salivary gland shows some basket-shaped cells concentrated around the acines and excretory ducts. These cells surround bases of the… KROK 1 2009 – Question 192
  13. Labelled amino acids alanine and tryptophane were injected to a mouse in order to study localization of protein synthesis in its cells. The labelled amino acids will be… KROK 1 2010 – Question 15
  14. Examination of an ovary specimen stained by hematoxylin-eosine revealed a follicle in which follicular epithelium consisted of 1-2 layers of cubic cells. There was also… KROK 1 2010 – Question 48
  15. Histological examination of a 40 year old man’s thymus revealed reduced share of parenchymatous elements, increased share of adipose and loose connective tissue, its… KROK 1 2010 – Question 61
  16. Normal, actively dividing cells of human red bone marrow are analyzed. What number of cells’ chromosomes is typical for G1 period? KROK 1 2010 – Question 110
  17. A scheme presents an exocrinous gland that has unbranched excretory duct with a terminal part in form of a saccule opening into the duct. How is this gland called… KROK 1 2010 – Question 132
  18. Electronic microphotography of pulmonary alveole’s wall presents a big cell. Its cytoplasm has a lot of mitochondria, developed Golgi apparatus, osmiophil lamellated… KROK 1 2010 – Question 156
  19. A viral infection has damaged cells that form walls of bile capillaries. This stimulated conditions for inflow of bile into the blood of sinusoidal capillaries. What… KROK 1 2010 – Question 167
  20. A histological specimen presents an artery. One of the membranes of its wall has flat cells lying on the basal membrane. What type of cells is it? KROK 1 2010 – Question 179
  21. One of sections of central nervous system has layerwise arrangement of neurocytes. Among them there are cells of the following forms: stellate, fusiform, horizontal… KROK 1 2010 – Question 186
  22. Study of fingerprints (dactylography) is used by criminalists for personal identification as well as for diagnostics of genetic abnormalities, particularly Down’s… KROK 1 2010 – Question 187
  23. A patient has been given high doses of hydrocortisone for a long time. This caused atrophy of one of the adrenal cortex zones. Which zone is it? KROK 1 2011 – Question 34
  24. A histological specimen of a kidney shows a part of the distal tubule going between the afferent and efferent arteriole. The cells building the tubule wall have dense… KROK 1 2011 – Question 41
  25. A histological specimen shows a blood vessel. Its inner coat is composed by endothelium, subendothelium and internal elastic membrane. The middle coat is enriched with… KROK 1 2011 – Question 67
  26. A sensitive neural ganglion consists of roundish neurocytes with one extension that divides into axon and dendrite at a some distance from the perikaryon. What are… KROK 1 2011 – Question 119
  27. An electron microphotography of a fragment of proper gastric gland shows a big irregular round-shaped cell. There are a lot of intracellular tubules and mitochondria in… KROK 1 2011 – Question 125
  28. Life cycle of a cell includes the process of DNA autoreduplication. As a result of it monochromatid chromosomes turn into bichromatid ones. What period of cell cycle… KROK 1 2011 – Question 137
  29. On an electron micrograph a scientist has identified a structure formed by eight histone proteins and a part of DNA molecule which makes about 1,75 revolutions around… KROK 1 2011 – Question 152
  30. Electronic microphotography of pulmonary alveole’s wall presents a big cell. Its cytoplasm has a lot of mitochondria, developed Golgi apparatus, osmiophil lamellated… KROK 1 2011 – Question 157
  31. In course of a conditional experiment the development of mesenchyma cells was completely inhibited. Development of the following muscular tissue will be disturbed: KROK 1 2011 – Question 169
  32. A histologic specimen shows an organ’s parenchyma which is presented by lymphoid tissue making some lymph nodes. The nodes are located diffusively and contain a central… KROK 1 2011 – Question 170
  33. Ultramicroscopical examination of "dark"hepatocyte population in the cell cytoplasm detected a developed granular endoplasmic reticulum. What function has this… KROK 1 2011 – Question 176
  34. During postembryonal haemopoiesis in the red bone marrow the cells of one of the cellular differons demonstrate a gradual decrease in cytoplasmic basophilia as well as… KROK 1 2012 – Question 17
  35. A microspecimen of heart shows rectangular cells from 50 to 120 mcm large with central position of nucleus, developed myofibrils. The cells are connected by… KROK 1 2012 – Question 20
  36. A histological specimen of kidney shows a structure consisting of a glomerulus of fenestrated capillaries and a bilayer epithelial capsule. Specify this structure: KROK 1 2012 – Question 140
  37. In an embryo the process of dorsal mesoderm segmentation and somite formation is disturbed. What part of skin will probably have developmental abnormalities? KROK 1 2012 – Question 150
  38. An electron microphotography of a fragment of proper gastric gland shows a big irregular round-shaped cell. There are a lot of intracellular tubules and mitochondria in… KROK 1 2012 – Question 152
  39. Life cycle of a cell includes a process of DNA autoreduplication. As a result of this process monochromatid chromosomes become bichromatid. This phenomenon is observed… KROK 1 2012 – Question 157
  40. Electronic microphotography of pulmonary alveole’s wall presents a big cell. Its cytoplasm has a lot of mitochondria, developed Golgi apparatus, osmiophil lamellated… KROK 1 2012 – Question 184
  41. In course of a conditional experiment the development of mesenchyma cells was completely inhibited. Development of the following muscular tissue will be disturbed: KROK 1 2012 – Question 192
  42. One of sections of central nervous system has layerwise arrangement of neurocytes. Among them there are cells of the following forms: stellate, fusiform, horizontal… KROK 1 2012 – Question 196
  43. Study of the biopsy material of an embryo revealed a zone of developmental abnormality in a somite. The zone was located close to the endoderm and the notochord. What… KROK 1 2013 – Question 68
  44. A specimen of pia mater includes a vessel whose wall doesn’t have the tunica media, the tunica externa is adherent to the surrounding tissues, the intima is composed of… KROK 1 2013 – Question 74
  45. A histological specimen of the eyeball shows a biconvex structure connected to the ciliary body by the fibers of the Zinn’s zonule and covered with a transparent… KROK 1 2013 – Question 77
  46. A specimen shows an organ covered with the connective tissue capsule with trabeculae radiating inward the organ. There is also cortex containing some lymph nodules, and… KROK 1 2013 – Question 83
  47. Alveolar space of the acinus was invaded by some bacteria which interacted with the surfactant. This led to the activation of the cells that are localized in the… KROK 1 2013 – Question 103
  48. Negative environmental factors have caused the dysfunction of myosatellite cells. What function of the whole muscle fibre is likely to be changed in this case? KROK 1 2013 – Question 113
  49. A specimen of a parenchymal organ shows poorly delineated hexagonal lobules surrounding a central vein, and the interlobular connective tissue contains embedded triads… KROK 1 2013 – Question 118
  50. As a result of a mechanical injury an over 10 cm long portion of a peripheral nerve was damaged. This led to the impairment of the upper limb activity. The patient was… KROK 1 2013 – Question 163

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