Norton scale — pressure ulcer risk
Rate the patient in 5 areas. The lower the score, the higher the risk of pressure ulcers.
Interpretation
Each of the 5 areas scores 1–4, giving a total of 5–20. A score of 14 or less means risk of pressure ulcers and below 12 high risk. Repeat on admission, regularly during the stay and whenever the patient’s condition changes.
Limitations
- The scale does not include nutrition, skin moisture or friction — the Braden scale assesses these in more detail.
- The score supports, but does not replace, nursing assessment and skin inspection.
Sources
- Norton D, McLaren R, Exton-Smith AN. An Investigation of Geriatric Nursing Problems in Hospital. London: National Corporation for the Care of Old People; 1962 (wyd. 2: Churchill Livingstone 1975).
- European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel, Pan Pacific Pressure Injury Alliance. Prevention and Treatment of Pressure Ulcers/Injuries: Clinical Practice Guideline. 2019. internationalguideline.com
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This calculator is for education and does not replace a doctor’s assessment. Always interpret the result together with the history and examination.